Reaction and Diffusion of Nitric Oxide in Biological Systems

项目1。免疫系统细胞持续高速率产生一氧化氮（NO），如在慢性炎症期间发生的，与各种形式癌症的发展密切相关。定量NO的病理生理水平对于了解内源性NO合成与肿瘤发生之间的关系至关重要。同样重要的是知道来自NO的活性中间体的浓度，例如二氧化氮（NO2）、亚硝酸酐（N2 O3）和过氧亚硝酸盐（ONOO-），因为这些物质可能是由NO引起的细胞损伤的介质。在大多数感兴趣的条件下，直接测量这些化合物中的任何一种的浓度是不可行的，然而，要将细胞培养物中的毒性水平和突变率与实际接触水平联系起来，并将这些发现外推到体内的情况，就需要这些信息。还需要

Project 1. Sustained, high rates of production of nitric oxide (NO) by cells of the immune system, as occurs during chronic inflammation, has been strongly implicated in the development of various forms of cancer. Quantifying pathophysiological levels of NO is crucial for understanding the relationship between endogenous NO synthesis and carcinogenesis. Equally important is knowing the concentrations of reactive intermediates derived from NO, such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), nitrous anhydride (N2O3), and peroxynitrite (ONOO-), because these species are likely mediators of damage to cells arising from NO. It is not feasible to directly measure the concentrations of any of these compounds under most conditions of interest, yet such information is needed to correlate levels of toxicity and rates of mutation in cell cultures with actual levels of exposure, and to extrapolate those findings to situations in the body. There is a need also for