VERY LOW NICOTINE CIGARETTES IN SMOKERS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA

在美国，近一半的烟草消费是由患有精神疾病的人吸食的。在 特别是，患有精神分裂症 (SWS) 的吸烟者很少尝试并实现持续戒烟 由于吸烟相关疾病，寿命缩短 25 年。 SWS 迫切需要有效的 戒烟治疗，并且没有从目前可用的治疗中受益。减少尼古丁含量 将香烟含量降低到不成瘾的水平是一项创新策略，有可能显着 降低该人群与烟草相关的发病率和死亡率。在评估这一潜在影响时 策略，已确定的一个关键知识差距是该策略对吸烟者是否有效 患有严重精神疾病的人，比其他吸烟者更依赖尼古丁，并且可能吸烟很长时间 自我药疗的目的。我们目前正在研究 VLNC 卷烟对 SWS 的急性影响， 有希望的结果表明，使用这些香烟可以逆转戒烟引起的对香烟的渴望， 与戒断相关的负面情绪和普通品牌吸烟。此外，SWS 对主观效果进行了评级 VLNC卷烟的评价很高，表明这样的做法可能是SWS可以接受的。然而，影响 长期使用 VLNC 卷烟对吸烟行为、精神症状和认知功能的影响 SWS 未知。这项研究将是第一个探讨是否可以采用监管方法来减少 将香烟中的尼古丁含量降低到不成瘾的水平是减少吸烟的可行方法 人口。吸烟者将被随机分配到两个实验条件之一：1）尼古丁含量极低 (VLNC) 尼古丁含量为 0.06 毫克的香烟（实际剂量由项目 1 确定；n = 40），或 2） 正常尼古丁含量的香烟（n = 40）。在 2 周基线和 6 周治疗阶段， 将评估受试者的烟草使用模式、暴露生物标志物、主观反应（例如， 满意度、渴望、戒断症状）、精神症状、认知表现、吸烟提示 反应性和吸烟地形。 6 周治疗期结束时，主观和行为 将评估对戒烟的反应。这项研究的结果将描述可能的情况 大幅降低香烟尼古丁含量对患有精神分裂症的吸烟者的风险和益处。 本项目将补充并使用与项目 1 和 2 类似的措施。 相关性（参见说明）； 吸烟率异常高，与吸烟相关的比例也相应高 吸烟者精神分裂症的发病率和死亡率。该项目将调查使用 6 周的效果 尼古丁含量极低的香烟对吸烟、情绪、精神症状、认知功能和 患有精神分裂症的吸烟者的其他措施。此信息将有助于确定公众是否 将香烟中的尼古丁含量限制在极低水平的卫生政策对于以下人群来说是有效且安全的： 这些吸烟者

Nearly half of the tobacco consumed in the United States is smoked by people with psychiatric illness. In particular, smokers with schizophrenia (SWS) infrequently attempt and attain sustained smoking abstinence and have a 25-year shorter lifespan due to smoking-related illness. SWS are in dire need of effective smoking treatment and are not benefiting from treatments that are currently available. Reducing the nicotine content of cigarettes to non-addicting levels is an innovative strategy that has the potential to significantly reduce tobacco-related morbidity and mortality in this population. In evaluating the potential impact of this strategy, one critical knowledge gap that was identified is whether this strategy would be effective in smokers with serious mental illness, who are more nicotine-dependent than other smokers and who may smoke for self-medication purposes. We are currently studying the acute effects of VLNC cigarettes in SWS, with promising results showing that use of these cigarettes reverses abstinence-induced cigarette craving, withdrawal-related negative mood and usual-brand smoking. Furthermore, SWS rate the subjective effects VLNC cigarettes highly, indicating that such an approach may be acceptable to SWS. However, the effects of prolonged use of VLNC cigarettes on smoking tiehavior, psychiatric symptoms and cognitive functioning in SWS are unknown. This study would be the first to examine whether a regulatory approach of reducing the nicotine content of cigarettes to non-addicting levels is a viable method of reducing smoking in this population. Smokers will be randomized to one of two experimental conditions: 1) very low nicotine content (VLNC) cigarettes with a 0.06 mg nicotine yield (actual dose to be determined by Project 1; n = 40), or 2) normal nicotine content cigarettes (n = 40). Over the 2-week baseline and 6-week treatment phases, subjects will be assessed for patterns of tobacco use, biomarkers of exposure, subjective responses (e.g., satisfaction, craving, withdrawal symptoms), psychiatric symptoms, cognitive performance, smoking cue reactivity and smoking topography. At the end of the 6-week treatment period, subjective and behavioral responses to smoking abstinence will be assessed. The results from this study will describe the possible risks and benefits to smokers with schizophrenia of dramatically reducing the nicotine content of cigarettes. This project will complement and use similar measures as Projects 1 and 2. RELEVANCE (See instructions); There is an unusually high rate of cigarette smoking and correspondingly high rates of smoking-related morbidity and mortality in smokers with schizophrenia. This project will investigate the effects of 6-week use of very low nicotine content cigarettes on smoking, mood, psychiatric symptoms, cognitive functioning and other measures in smokers with schizophrenia. This information will help to determine whether a public health policy of limiting the nicotine content of cigarettes to very low levels would be effective and safe for these smokers