VERY LOW NICOTINE CIGARETTES IN SMOKERS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA

在美国，近一半的烟草消费是由患有精神疾病的人吸烟的。在……里面 特别是，患有精神分裂症(SWS)的吸烟者很少尝试并实现持续戒烟 由于与吸烟相关的疾病，他们的寿命会缩短25年。SWS迫切需要有效的 吸烟治疗，并且没有从目前可用的治疗中受益。减少尼古丁 将香烟含量降至非上瘾水平是一项创新战略，有可能显著 减少这一人群中与烟草有关的发病率和死亡率。在评估这一点的潜在影响时 战略，一个关键的知识缺口被发现是这个战略是否会对吸烟者有效 患有严重精神疾病的人，他们比其他吸烟者对尼古丁的依赖更严重，吸烟可能是为了 自我治疗的目的。我们目前正在研究VLNC香烟在SWS的急性影响， 令人振奋的结果表明，使用这些香烟可以逆转戒烟诱导的吸烟欲望， 戒断相关的负面情绪和惯用品牌的吸烟。此外，SWS还对主观效果进行了评分 VLNC卷烟高度，表明这种方法可能是可以接受的SWS。然而，其影响 长期使用VLNC香烟对吸烟行为、精神症状和认知功能的影响 SWS是未知的。这项研究将是第一次检查减少污染的监管方法 香烟中的尼古丁含量达到非成瘾的水平是减少吸烟的一个可行的方法 人口。吸烟者将被随机分配到两种实验条件之一：1)尼古丁含量非常低 尼古丁产量0.06毫克的香烟(实际剂量由项目1确定；n=40)，或2 尼古丁含量正常的香烟(n=40)。在2周基线和6周治疗阶段， 将评估受试者的烟草使用模式、暴露的生物标志物、主观反应(例如， 满足、渴望、戒断症状)、精神症状、认知表现、吸烟提示 反应性和吸烟地形。在为期6周的治疗结束时，主观和行为 将评估对戒烟的反应。这项研究的结果将描述可能的 大幅减少香烟中尼古丁含量对患有精神分裂症的吸烟者的风险和好处。 该项目将补充和使用与项目1和项目2类似的措施。 相关性(见说明)； 吸烟率异常高，相应地，与吸烟相关的比率也很高 吸烟者精神分裂症的发病率和死亡率。这个项目将调查6周使用的效果。 尼古丁含量极低的香烟对吸烟、情绪、精神症状、认知功能和 对患有精神分裂症的吸烟者进行其他测量。这一信息将有助于确定公众是否 将香烟的尼古丁含量限制在很低水平的卫生政策将对 这些吸烟者

Nearly half of the tobacco consumed in the United States is smoked by people with psychiatric illness. In particular, smokers with schizophrenia (SWS) infrequently attempt and attain sustained smoking abstinence and have a 25-year shorter lifespan due to smoking-related illness. SWS are in dire need of effective smoking treatment and are not benefiting from treatments that are currently available. Reducing the nicotine content of cigarettes to non-addicting levels is an innovative strategy that has the potential to significantly reduce tobacco-related morbidity and mortality in this population. In evaluating the potential impact of this strategy, one critical knowledge gap that was identified is whether this strategy would be effective in smokers with serious mental illness, who are more nicotine-dependent than other smokers and who may smoke for self-medication purposes. We are currently studying the acute effects of VLNC cigarettes in SWS, with promising results showing that use of these cigarettes reverses abstinence-induced cigarette craving, withdrawal-related negative mood and usual-brand smoking. Furthermore, SWS rate the subjective effects VLNC cigarettes highly, indicating that such an approach may be acceptable to SWS. However, the effects of prolonged use of VLNC cigarettes on smoking tiehavior, psychiatric symptoms and cognitive functioning in SWS are unknown. This study would be the first to examine whether a regulatory approach of reducing the nicotine content of cigarettes to non-addicting levels is a viable method of reducing smoking in this population. Smokers will be randomized to one of two experimental conditions: 1) very low nicotine content (VLNC) cigarettes with a 0.06 mg nicotine yield (actual dose to be determined by Project 1; n = 40), or 2) normal nicotine content cigarettes (n = 40). Over the 2-week baseline and 6-week treatment phases, subjects will be assessed for patterns of tobacco use, biomarkers of exposure, subjective responses (e.g., satisfaction, craving, withdrawal symptoms), psychiatric symptoms, cognitive performance, smoking cue reactivity and smoking topography. At the end of the 6-week treatment period, subjective and behavioral responses to smoking abstinence will be assessed. The results from this study will describe the possible risks and benefits to smokers with schizophrenia of dramatically reducing the nicotine content of cigarettes. This project will complement and use similar measures as Projects 1 and 2. RELEVANCE (See instructions); There is an unusually high rate of cigarette smoking and correspondingly high rates of smoking-related morbidity and mortality in smokers with schizophrenia. This project will investigate the effects of 6-week use of very low nicotine content cigarettes on smoking, mood, psychiatric symptoms, cognitive functioning and other measures in smokers with schizophrenia. This information will help to determine whether a public health policy of limiting the nicotine content of cigarettes to very low levels would be effective and safe for these smokers