Social, Familial, Neighborhood Factors and Drinking in Puerto Rico

波多黎各的社会、家庭、邻里因素和饮酒

• 批准号: 8297925
• 负责人: RAUL CAETANO
• 金额: $ 63.3万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCI CTR HOUSTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-05-15 至 2016-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8297925
• 关键词: 18 year old; Address; Adult; Affect; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol dependence; Area; Attitude; Censuses; Characteristics; Complex; DSM-IV; DSM-V; Data; Dependence; Diagnosis; Diagnostic; Disadvantaged; Economic Recession; Education; Epidemiology; Expectancy; Family; Frequencies; Friends; Happiness; Health; Health Personnel; Health Professional; Heavy Drinking; Hispanics; Household; Individual; Island; Knowledge; Legal; Mediating; Mental Depression; Mind-Body Method; Neighborhoods; Orphan; Population; Poverty; Prevention; Prevention strategy; Preventive Intervention; Public Health; Puerto Rican; Puerto Rico; Recording of previous events; Research; Research Personnel; Sampling; Social Controls; Social Problems; Stress; Structure; Substance Use Disorder; Surveys; Testing; Time; Underemployment; Unemployment; Update; alcohol epidemiology; alcohol related problem; alcohol research; alcohol use disorder; authority; base; binge drinker; binge drinking; cohesion; drinking; drinking behavior; effective therapy; hazardous drinking; high risk drinking; innovation; interest; metropolitan; response; social; treatment response

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcohol-related problems, abuse and dependence are an important public health problem in Puerto Rico. Unfortunately, public health authorities on the island lack the epidemiological data on drinking and its consequences that are necessary to respond to these problems. To cover this gap in knowledge, this application proposes an in-depth household epidemiological survey of drinking among adults 18 years of age and older in San Juan, Puerto Rico (sample N=1,500). A set of four innovative aims is proposed, which together will examine social, familial and neighborhood factors associated with drinking and its consequences on the island. The proposed specific aims are: 1) To examine the influence of attitudes and expectancies about drinking and of family cohesion and support on the association between drinking and alcohol-related problems, and DSM-IV abuse and dependence; 2) To examine the impact of the present economic recession on drinking behavior and associated consequences by examining the association between unemployment and underemployment, stress, depression, drinking, alcohol-related problems, abuse and dependence; 3) Expanding aims 1 and 2 to examine the association between neighborhood collective efficacy (social cohesion and social control), neighborhood disadvantage (as represented by the census-level variables poverty, under education and unemployment), volume of drinking, binge drinking, and alcohol abuse and dependence; 4) Given the specific cultural circumstances of Puerto Rico, some of which are described in aims 1, 2 and 3, above, test the cross-cultural applicability of the dimensionality of the newly proposed DSM-V substance use disorder criteria and examine the proportion and characteristics of diagnostic "orphans". Results from this study will greatly enhance the ability of treatment providers and prevention professionals to understand more about alcohol problems in Puerto Rico. The study will collect detailed epidemiological data on individual- and neighborhood-level predictors of drinking, alcohol-related problems, abuse and dependence. These data will be shared with public health professionals in Puerto Rico, which will enable these professionals to plan effective treatment responses as well as prevention strategies to address alcohol problems on the island. With this in mind, the research team is composed of researchers on the U.S. mainland and in Puerto Rico so that translational application of this research is enhanced. Finally, the knowledge produced will also be applicable to understanding drinking and its consequences among Puerto Ricans as well as other Hispanic groups on the U.S. mainland. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Heavy drinking and alcohol-related problems are a serious health and social problem in Puerto Rico; yet, there is a dearth of up-to-date epidemiological data on the social, familial and neighborhood factors that determine drinking and its consequences on the island. Knowledge about these factors is important for implementing prevention interventions at the individual and neighborhood level. This project will study this complex array of factors in a random household sample of Puerto Rican adults in the San Juan metropolitan area.

描述（由申请人提供）：酒精相关问题、滥用和依赖是波多黎各的一个重要公共卫生问题。不幸的是，岛上的公共卫生当局缺乏应对这些问题所必需的关于饮酒及其后果的流行病学数据。为了弥补这一知识差距，本申请建议对波多黎各圣胡安18岁及以上成年人的饮酒情况进行深入的家庭流行病学调查（样本N= 1，500）。提出了一套四个创新的目标，这将共同研究社会，家庭和邻里因素与饮酒及其后果的岛屿。本研究的主要目的是：（1）探讨饮酒态度、饮酒期望、家庭凝聚力和家庭支持对饮酒和酒精相关问题与DSM-IV滥用和依赖之间关系的影响; 2）通过研究失业与就业不足、压力、抑郁、饮酒之间的关系，研究当前经济衰退对饮酒行为的影响及其相关后果，酒精相关问题，滥用和依赖; 3）扩展目标1和2，以检查邻里集体效能之间的关联（社会凝聚力和社会控制），邻里劣势（以人口普查一级变量贫困、教育不足和失业为代表）、饮酒量、酗酒、酗酒和酒精依赖;（4）鉴于波多黎各的具体文化情况，其中一些情况已在上文目标1、2和3中说明，因此， DSM-V物质使用障碍标准的维度，并检查诊断“孤儿”的比例和特征。 这项研究的结果将大大提高治疗提供者和预防专业人员更多地了解波多黎各酒精问题的能力。这项研究将收集关于个人和社区一级饮酒、与酒精有关的问题、滥用和依赖的预测因素的详细流行病学数据。这些数据将与波多黎各的公共卫生专业人员共享，这将使这些专业人员能够规划有效的治疗反应以及预防战略，以解决岛上的酒精问题。考虑到这一点，研究小组由美国本土和波多黎各的研究人员组成，以便加强这项研究的翻译应用。最后，所产生的知识也将适用于了解波多黎各人以及美国大陆其他西班牙裔群体的饮酒及其后果。 公共卫生相关性：大量饮酒和与酒精有关的问题是波多黎各的一个严重的健康和社会问题;然而，关于决定岛上饮酒及其后果的社会、家庭和邻里因素的最新流行病学数据十分缺乏。了解这些因素对于在个人和社区层面实施预防干预措施非常重要。该项目将在圣胡安大都市地区的波多黎各成年人家庭随机抽样中研究这一系列复杂的因素。