A Lifecourse Approach to Emerging Health Disparities in a US Birth Cohort

这项拟议的研究带来了新的数据，说明了种族和 一生中健康方面的社会经济差异。我们检查了交叉口 社会经济地位(SES)、认知能力和社会经济地位三因素的相互影响 健康本身。现有的研究已经充分证明，SES的指标可以预测 健康结果，健康影响社会经济成就，以及认知能力 预测受教育程度和健康状况。但是，这种联系是如何在 自闭症、认知能力和健康是在生命过程中产生的吗？种族因素扮演着什么样的角色？ 歧视在影响这些因素中的每一个造成种族差异方面发挥了作用吗？一个 这些因素在整个生命过程中的动态相互作用理论被提出来解释 在一般健康、肥胖、呼吸道疾病等方面出现种族和社会经济差异 功能和抑郁。总部设在加利福尼亚州的儿童健康和发展队列 研究青少年样本(CHDS-A)(n=2020)出生于1959-1966年，提供了这部小说 对这一理论进行评估的数据。在多个时间点收集了详细信息 从出生前到15-17岁，黑人和白人子女及其家人。 来自高SES和低SES家庭的足够数量的黑人和白人后代 都包括在样本中。已经收集的数据包括在 儿童期和青春期的SES、认知能力和选定的健康领域。 这个项目将增加42-49岁的评估。对积累的数据进行分析 将阐明健康差距的基本来源与 为旨在减少这种不平等的政策和干预措施的制定提供信息。社会经济地位和种族的健康差距代表了主要的公众 需要解决的健康问题。这项研究将提供新的数据 来自一个混血出生的队列，已经被密集地跟踪 青春期，现已进入中年成年期。关键数据的分析 在拟议的研究中收集的数据将创造一个不同寻常的机会 了解生命过程中何时以及为什么会出现健康差距，以及 进一步指导制定干预措施的内容和时机，以 改善观察到的差距。

The proposed research brings novel data to bear on the emergence of racial and socioeconomic disparities in health over the life course. We examine the intersection and mutual influence of three factorssocioeconomic status (SES), cognitive ability, and health itself. Extant research has demonstrated amply that indicators of SES predict health outcomes, that health affects socioeconomic attainment, and that cognitive ability predicts both educational attainment and health. But how do such associations between SES, cognitive ability, and health arise over the life course? And what role does racial discrimination play in influencing each of these factors to create disparities by race? A theory of dynamic interplay of these factors across the life course is posited to explain the emergence of racial and socioeconomic disparities in general health, obesity, respiratory function, and depression. A California-based cohort, the Child Health and Development StudyAdolescent Sample (CHDS-A) (n=2020), born 1959-1966, provides the novel data to evaluate this theory. Detailed information was collected at multiple time points from before birth until age 15-17 years for black and white offspring and their families. Sufficient numbers of black and white offspring from both high and low SES families were included in the sample. The data already collected include assessments during childhood and adolescence of SES, cognitive ability, and the selected domains of health. This project will add assessments at age 42-49 years. Analysis of the accumulated data will elucidate the relationships among fundamental sources of health disparities and inform the construction of policies and interventions designed to reduce such inequalities. Health disparities by socioeconomic status and race represent major public health issues in need of resolution. This study will provide novel data from a bi-racial birth cohort that has been intensively followed through adolescence and is now in middle-age adulthood. The analysis of key data collected in the proposed study will create an unusual opportunity to understand when and why health disparities emerge over the life course, and further guidance for shaping the content and timing of interventions to ameliorate observed disparities.