Updating, Expanding, and Interpreting Perry Preschool Data through Midlife

描述（由申请人提供）：本项目的目标是收集、扩充和分析HighScope Perry学前教育项目（PPP）的数据，以调查这种有影响力的早期干预对中年各种结果的影响。佩里学前教育项目的目标是弱势的非洲裔美国人。通过随机分配的方法进行评估，参与者一直被跟踪到40岁。无论是男孩还是女孩，花在佩里身上的每一美元的年回报率都在7-10%之间。它在减少犯罪方面特别有效，并对许多其他结果产生了有益的影响，这些结果经受住了严格的测试和统计审查。Perry的前几波数据反映了其最初的重点是促进认知和教育，它们收集的关于健康和个性的信息非常有限，没有关于风险规避、时间偏好、幼儿经历、退休计划、储蓄和资产头寸的信息。我们寻求支持，通过收集信息来补充数据集，同时和回顾性的，对老化样本的关键结果。我们将从美国的两项主要调查（HRS，健康和退休调查，以及PSID，收入动态小组研究）中提取问题，以便与美国老龄化人口中可比人群的结果进行比较。我们将收集关于儿童早期的信息，这些信息将补充现有的（但以前未使用的）佩里关于早期家庭环境质量的数据。我们还将收集一组生物标志物的客观健康数据，这些生物标志物表明主要调节系统的生理活动，并使用新创建的适应性测试收集认知数据。初级调查数据将与关于犯罪和死亡原因的行政数据相结合。有了这一独特的资源，该项目将研究补充弱势非洲裔美国儿童早期生活环境的中年影响。它将有助于我们理解成人健康的发展起源，并将探索衰老的根源。它将确定早期生活经历影响成年结果的机制，并将调查是否可以在出生后三年内进行干预。它将开发和应用的方法来分析数据从小规模的实验，有多种结果和改变最初的抽样计划。利用增强的实验数据，它将加强先前对佩里计划的收益-成本和回报率的分析，包括对个人和社会的健康和心理健康的好处（如果有的话）。通过与芝加哥大学普利兹克联盟的合作，并利用其资金，我们将超越荟萃分析，将PPP的结果和机制与其他主要的早期儿童项目（包括初级项目、护士家庭合作项目和芝加哥亲子中心）进行比较。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to collect, augment and analyze data on the HighScope Perry Preschool Program (PPP) in order to investigate the effects of this influential early intervention on a variety of outcomes through midlife. The Perry Preschool Program was targeted towards a disadvantaged African American population. Evaluated by the method of random assignment, participants have been followed through age 40. The annual rate of return to each dollar spent on Perry is in the range of 7-10% for both boys and girls. It was especially effective in reducing crime and has had beneficial effects on numerous other outcomes, which survive rigorous testing and statistical scrutiny. Reflecting its initial emphasis on promoting cognition and schooling, previous waves of the Perry data collected very limited information on health and personality and no information on risk aversion, time preferences, early childhood experiences, and plans for retirement, savings and asset positions. We seek support to supplement the dataset by collecting information, both contemporaneously and retrospectively, on key outcomes for an aging sample. We will draw questions from two major US surveys (HRS, the Health and Retirement Survey, and the PSID, the Panel Study of Income Dynamics), to facilitate comparison with outcomes for comparable persons in the aging US population. We will collect information on early childhood which will supplement existing (but previously unused) Perry data on the quality of early home environments. We will also collect objective health data on a set of biomarkers indicating physiological activity across major regulatory systems, and cognitive data using newly created adaptive tests. Primary survey data will be augmented with administrative data on crime and cause of death. Armed with this unique resource, the project will study the midlife effects of supplementing the early life environments of disadvantaged African American children. It will contribute to our understanding of the developmental origins of adult health, and it will explore the roots of aging. It will identify the mechanisms through which early life experiences affect adult outcomes, and it will investigate whether remediation can be sustained when intervening three years after birth. It will develop and apply methods to analyze data from small scale experiments, with multiple outcomes and alterations in the initial sampling plan. Using the enhanced experimental data, it will augment previous analyses of the benefit-cost and rate of return of the Perry Program to include the benefits-if any-on health and mental health both to persons and to society. In partnership with the Pritzker Consortium at the University of Chicago, and leveraging funding with it, we will go beyond meta-analysis to compare the PPP outcomes and mechanisms with those found for other major early childhood programs, including the Abecedarian Program, the Nurse Family Partnership Program, and the Chicago Parent-Child Centers.