Updating, Expanding, and Interpreting Perry Preschool Data through Midlife

描述(由申请者提供)：该项目的目标是收集、扩充和分析HighScope Perry学前教育计划(PPP)的数据，以调查这一有影响力的早期干预对中年期间各种结果的影响。佩里学前教育计划针对的是处于不利地位的非裔美国人。通过随机分配的方法进行评估，参与者一直被跟踪到40岁。无论是男孩还是女孩，花在佩里身上的每一美元的年回报率都在7%-10%之间。它在减少犯罪方面特别有效，并对许多其他结果产生了有利影响，这些结果经受住了严格的测试和统计审查。前几波佩里的数据反映出最初对促进认知和学校教育的重视，收集的关于健康和个性的信息非常有限，没有收集关于风险厌恶、时间偏好、幼儿经历以及退休、储蓄和资产头寸计划的信息。我们寻求支持，通过同时和回顾收集关于老化样本的关键结果的信息来补充数据集。我们将从两项美国主要调查(HRS，健康和退休调查，以及PSID，收入动态小组研究)中提取问题，以便于与美国老龄化人口中可比人群的结果进行比较。我们将收集关于早期儿童的信息，这些信息将补充现有的(但以前没有使用过的)佩里关于早期家庭环境质量的数据。我们还将收集一组生物标记物的客观健康数据，这些生物标记物表明主要监管系统的生理活动，并使用新创建的适应性测试收集认知数据。初步调查数据将补充有关犯罪和死因的行政数据。利用这一独特的资源，该项目将研究补充处于不利地位的非裔美国儿童的早期生活环境的中年影响。它将有助于我们理解成人健康的发展起源，并将探索衰老的根源。它将确定早期生活经历影响成人结局的机制，并将调查在出生三年后进行干预时是否可以持续进行补救。它将开发和应用分析来自小规模实验的数据的方法，这些实验具有多个结果，并在初始抽样计划中发生变化。利用增强的实验数据，它将补充先前对佩里计划的收益-成本和回报率的分析，以包括对个人和社会的健康和心理健康的好处--如果有的话。通过与芝加哥大学普利兹克联盟的合作，并利用它的资金，我们将超越荟萃分析，将PPP结果和机制与其他主要儿童早期项目的结果和机制进行比较，包括初级教师计划、护士家庭伙伴计划和芝加哥亲子中心。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The goal of this project is to collect, augment and analyze data on the HighScope Perry Preschool Program (PPP) in order to investigate the effects of this influential early intervention on a variety of outcomes through midlife. The Perry Preschool Program was targeted towards a disadvantaged African American population. Evaluated by the method of random assignment, participants have been followed through age 40. The annual rate of return to each dollar spent on Perry is in the range of 7-10% for both boys and girls. It was especially effective in reducing crime and has had beneficial effects on numerous other outcomes, which survive rigorous testing and statistical scrutiny. Reflecting its initial emphasis on promoting cognition and schooling, previous waves of the Perry data collected very limited information on health and personality and no information on risk aversion, time preferences, early childhood experiences, and plans for retirement, savings and asset positions. We seek support to supplement the dataset by collecting information, both contemporaneously and retrospectively, on key outcomes for an aging sample. We will draw questions from two major US surveys (HRS, the Health and Retirement Survey, and the PSID, the Panel Study of Income Dynamics), to facilitate comparison with outcomes for comparable persons in the aging US population. We will collect information on early childhood which will supplement existing (but previously unused) Perry data on the quality of early home environments. We will also collect objective health data on a set of biomarkers indicating physiological activity across major regulatory systems, and cognitive data using newly created adaptive tests. Primary survey data will be augmented with administrative data on crime and cause of death. Armed with this unique resource, the project will study the midlife effects of supplementing the early life environments of disadvantaged African American children. It will contribute to our understanding of the developmental origins of adult health, and it will explore the roots of aging. It will identify the mechanisms through which early life experiences affect adult outcomes, and it will investigate whether remediation can be sustained when intervening three years after birth. It will develop and apply methods to analyze data from small scale experiments, with multiple outcomes and alterations in the initial sampling plan. Using the enhanced experimental data, it will augment previous analyses of the benefit-cost and rate of return of the Perry Program to include the benefits-if any-on health and mental health both to persons and to society. In partnership with the Pritzker Consortium at the University of Chicago, and leveraging funding with it, we will go beyond meta-analysis to compare the PPP outcomes and mechanisms with those found for other major early childhood programs, including the Abecedarian Program, the Nurse Family Partnership Program, and the Chicago Parent-Child Centers.