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Anticipatory Hemodynamic Signals in Primary Visual Cortex

初级视觉皮层的预期血流动力学信号

基本信息

批准号：
8264772
负责人：
ANIRUDDHA DAS
金额：
$ 38.64万
依托单位：
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2009-05-01 至 2014-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Program Director/Principal Investigator (Last, First, Middle): PROJECT SUMMARY Our long-term goal is to understand the neural mechanisms of visual processing early in the cortical pathway. To this end we record from rhesus macaque visual cortex using a combination of intrinsic-signal optical imaging and electrophysiology while the animals are engaged in visual form processing tasks. The goal of the current project is two-fold. We propose to study a novel stimulus-independent anticipatory haemodynamic signal that we observed earlier in alert macaque V1 (primary visual cortex). Through this process we also propose to better understand the physiological basis of neuroimaging signals including fMRI. This project derives from our recent discovery that haemodynamic signals in alert monkey V1 have two distinct components. One component is predictable by visual input and associated V1 neuronal activity. The other component - of comparable strength - is a hitherto unknown haemodynamic signal marking task anticipation. It reflects an arterial pumping mechanism bringing fresh blood to cortex in anticipation of predicted visual events. Electrode recordings conducted simultaneously with the optical imaging showed that this novel haemodynamic signal is not driven by local V1 neuronal activity, in dramatic contrast to visually evoked responses obtained from the same recording sites. We hypothesize that the anticipatory stimulus-independent haemodynamic signal is a mechanism of predictive arousal. We propose to test this hypothesis by characterizing the anticipatory and visually evoked signals, and their interaction, and asking if the anticipatory signal can modulate visually evoked responses and behavior. Our finding of the novel haemodynamic signal also challenges current understandings of neuroimaging signals, notably functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), the most commonly used tool for human neuroimaging. Through the course of this project we will investigate the links between neuroimaging signals and electrophysiology in the alert macaque in a variety of visual perceptual tasks. This will be an unparalleled opportunity to gain new insights into fMRI in an animal model that is the closest possible to the human. Our novel findings were obtained as a result of a new imaging technique developed in our laboratory, continuous dual-wavelength intrinsic-signal optical imaging, combined with electrode recordings, in alert behaving macaques. For the imaging, one wavelength is absorbed preferentially in oxygenated haemoglobin, thus monitoring blood oxygenation; the other wavelength, absorbed equally in oxygenated and deoxygenated haemoglobin, measures blood volume. The simultaneous electrode recordings give an electrophysiological measure of the underlying neuronal activity. The continuous recording allows us to distinguish between ongoing signals and stimulus-evoked responses. This technique will form the basis of the current project, giving a unique combination of tools to answer the questions at hand. PHS 398/2590 (Rev. 11/07) Page Continuation Format Page

项目主管/首席研究员（后、一、中）：