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Anticipatory Hemodynamic Signals in Primary Visual Cortex

初级视觉皮层的预期血流动力学信号

基本信息

批准号：
8632398
负责人：
ANIRUDDHA DAS
金额：
$ 39.92万
依托单位：
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-09-30 至 2016-09-29
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8632398
关键词：
Affect Animals Arousal Attention Attention Deficit Disorder Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Behavior Behavioral Blood Blood Volume Blood flow Brain Brain imaging Clinical Complement Cues Discrimination Disease Electrodes Electrophysiology (science)Etiology Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Goals Grant Hand Hemoglobin Human Image Imaging Techniques Laboratories Light Link Macaca Macaca mulatta Measures Medical Metabolic Modeling Monitor Neurons Neurosciences Neurosciences Research Pathway interactions Performance Photic Stimulation Process Public Health Records Reporting Rest Rewards Role Signal Transduction Stereotyping Stimulus Structure Sum Synapses Task Performances Techniques Testing Time Visual Visual Cortex Visual system structure Work alertness area striata base hazard hemodynamics improved insight neuromechanism neuroregulation novel optical imaging public health relevance relating to nervous system response sample fixation tool vigilance visual process visual processing

项目摘要

PROJECT SUMMARY The long-term goal of the lab is to understand the neural mechanisms of visual processing early in the cortical pathway. To this end the lab records from rhesus macaque visual cortex using a combination of intrinsic-signal optical imaging and electrophysiology while the animals perform visual tasks. This project derives from earlier work showing that V1 (primary visual cortex) imaging signals in alert, task- engaged macaques have two components. One component is related to stimulation and V1 neuronal activity. The other component - of comparable strength - is a novel task-related signal independent of local spiking. Later work showed that when the animal performs stereotyped tasks, the task-related signal can be removed linearly from stimulus-evoked signals which can then be related with particularly high reliability (>90%) to local spiking. The task-related signal, on the other hand, is strongly modulated by factors such as reward size, task structure and performance, suggesting its role as a form of arousal or attention independent of local spiking. These results were obtained using the support of my last grant. The current proposal is a resubmission of my request for a competitive renewal of the same grant. This current project has two goals that derive from the above observations. The first goal is to generalize the observed link between stimulus-evoked imaging and spiking, as a broad principle for interpreting brain images. This would be valuable for the interpretation of fMRI, one of the most widely used neuroscience research tools. The second goal is to define the factors controlling the task-related signal and the effect of this signal on performance. This goal is expected to provide insights about a novel brain mechanism of attention or arousal, as well as the etiology of attentional disorders such as ADD and ADHD. The novel findings at the base of this proposal were obtained as a result of an imaging technique developed in our laboratory, continuous dual-wavelength intrinsic-signal optical imaging, combined with electrode recordings, in alert behaving macaques. For the imaging, one wavelength, absorbed preferentially in oxygenated hemoglobin, monitors blood oxygenation; the other wavelength, absorbed equally in oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin, measures blood volume. The simultaneous electrode recordings give an electrophysiological measure of the underlying neuronal activity. The continuous recording makes it possible to distinguish between ongoing signals and stimulus-evoked responses. This technique will form the basis of the current project, giving a unique combination of tools to answer the questions at hand.

项目总结