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The Tuning for Complex Visual Stimuli in V1

V1 中复杂视觉刺激的调整

基本信息

批准号：
7087797
负责人：
ANIRUDDHA DAS
金额：
$ 39.91万
依托单位：
COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2003-07-07 至 2009-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7087797
关键词：
Macaca brain mapping cell cell interaction electrical measurement electrodes imaging /visualization /scanning neural information processing neurons optics retina sensory receptors single cell analysis visual cortex visual perception visual stimulus

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The long-term goal of this work is to understand the neural mechanisms of visual form perception. The current project aims to study the processing of modestly complex visual stimuli such as smooth contours, junctions and texture boundaries in primary visual cortex (V1). Recent evidence suggests that V1 is much more than just a bank of filters that passively extracts the simplest elements (e.g. short oriented line segments) from all visual input, as was earlier believed. Rather, the elemental components of complex stimuli interact strongly with each other to give V1 responses that could differ dramatically from the responses to the individual components. The current project is intended to test the hypothesis that such complex visual processing can be predicted from the columnar architecture and intrinsic circuitry of VI. In particular, it is proposed that cortical columns tuned to elemental components of a complex stimulus (e.g. line segments at particular retinotopic positions, orientations, color contrast etc.) facilitate and inhibit each other in predictable ways through intrinsic V1 circuitry to generate tuning for the composite whole. Further, that the complex tuning of any given V1 neuron can be predicted from its geographical position on cortex relative to columns activated by the complex stimulus in question. This hypothesis will be tested by studying the V1 processing for different families of complex stimuli including smooth contours, junctions and texture boundaries that are perceptually important for scene segmentation. A combination of optical imaging and electrode recordings in alert monkey V1 will be used for this study. Optical imaging will allow for mapping the cortical positions of neurons responding to each complex stimulus and its individual components. Electrode recordings and cross correlations, guided by optical images, will be used to measure the intracortical interactions between the same groups of neurons. The complex tuning computed on the basis of these interactions can then be compared with the measured values and thus test our hypothesis. The proposed combination of optical imaging and electrode recording will make it possible to elucidate the geometry of cortical mechanisms underlying V1 tuning, a goal that is not reachable through electrode recordings alone. The results of this study will provide a broad framework for understanding the cortical processing of complex visual stimuli, an essential step for clinical applications including the design of visual prostheses for the blind.

描述（由申请人提供）：这项工作的长期目标是了解视觉形式感知的神经机制。当前的项目旨在研究初级视觉皮层（V1）中适度复杂的视觉刺激的处理，例如平滑轮廓、连接处和纹理边界。最近的证据表明，V1 不仅仅是一组过滤器，如早期认为的那样，从所有视觉输入中被动地提取最简单的元素（例如短定向线段）。相反，复杂刺激的基本成分彼此强烈相互作用，产生的 V1 反应可能与对单个成分的反应有很大不同。当前的项目旨在测试这样一个假设：这种复杂的视觉处理可以通过 VI 的柱状架构和内在电路来预测。特别是，有人提出，针对复杂刺激的基本成分（例如特定视网膜位置、方向、颜色对比度等的线段）进行调谐的皮层柱，通过内在的 V1 电路以可预测的方式促进和抑制彼此，从而为复合整体产生调谐。此外，任何给定 V1 神经元的复杂调节都可以根据其在皮层上相对于由所讨论的复杂刺激激活的柱的地理位置来预测。这一假设将通过研究不同系列的复杂刺激的 V1 处理来测试，这些刺激包括平滑轮廓、连接点和纹理边界，这些对于场景分割在感知上很重要。本研究将结合使用警觉猴 V1 的光学成像和电极记录。光学成像将允许绘制响应每个复杂刺激及其各个组成部分的神经元的皮层位置。由光学图像引导的电极记录和互相关将用于测量同一组神经元之间的皮质内相互作用。然后可以将基于这些相互作用计算出的复杂调谐与测量值进行比较，从而检验我们的假设。所提出的光学成像和电极记录的结合将有可能阐明 V1 调谐背后的皮质机制的几何结构，这是仅通过电极记录无法实现的目标。这项研究的结果将为理解复杂视觉刺激的皮层处理提供一个广泛的框架，这是临床应用的重要一步，包括盲人视觉假体的设计。