Inhibition of an apical cAMP transporter (MRP4) in the gut induces diarrhea

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PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT: The hypothesis of this proposal is that the functional activities of the cAMP transporter (MRP4) and CFTR Cl- channel are physically and functionally coupled within the gut epithelial cells. The long-term objectives of this laboratory are (I), To define the mechanism of how protein-protein interactions regulate CFTR Cl- channel function and (II), To dedicate our efforts toward making a long-term contribution in understanding gastrointestinal disorders related to diarrheal diseases. The specific aims of this proposal are: Specific Aim 1. To test the hypothesis that MRP4 is an apical cAMP transporter in the gut and inhibition of this transporter potentiates cholera toxin (CTX) induced diarrhea. Four subaims will be tested, they are (1a). To test whether MRP4 is an apical cAMP transporter in gut epithelial cells and to characterize the cyclic nucleotide transport using HPLC. (1b). To test whether MRP4 inhibition and MRP4 silencing (using Si-RNA) augments CFTR-dependent short circuit currents in the apical membrane of polarized gut epithelial cells and in excised mouse intestine. (1c). To test whether MRP4 inhibition can potentiate cholera toxin (CTX)-induced and CFTR-dependent secretory diarrhea in mice and to test if CFTR knock out mice fail to respond to CTX and MRP4 inhibition. (1d). To test whether MRP4 knock out mice are more susceptible to CTX-induced secretory diarrhea and to test if MRP5 inhibitors fail to induce secretion. Specific Aim 2. To test the hypothesis that there is a physical and functional coupling of cAMP transporter (MRP4) and CFTR Cl- channel at or near the apical plasma membrane of gut epithelial cells. Three subaims will be tested, they are (2a). To test whether the cAMP transporter (MRP4) is in a macromolecular complex with PDZK1 and CFTR and to define the stoichiometries of CFTR:PDZK1 and MRP4:PDZK1 complex in the plasma membrane of gut epithelial cells. (2b). To test if the disruption of the cAMP transporter containing macromolecular complex inhibits CFTR function and to test if the lateral mobility of CFTR and MRP4 increases (high diffusion rates) at the plasma membrane. (2c). To test whether cAMP accumulates at or near the plasma membrane (using a membrane associated cAMP sensor) upon inhibition of the cAMP transporter. These studies will demonstrate that the two ABC transporters (CFTR and MRP4) can be functionally and physically coupled and that MRP4 inhibition can augment CFTR transporter function. The results of these studies will provide us with possible alternative methods and targets for treating certain diseases of the gastrointestinal tract such as secretory diarrhea and IBD. These studies will, therefore, have clinical relevance in individuals suffering from certain forms of diarrhea.