INFECTIVITY OF HSIV-VIF CHIMERA IN PIGTAILED MACAQUES

HSIV-VIF 嵌合体在斑尾猕猴中的感染性

• 批准号: 8357599
• 负责人: Shiu-Lok Hu
• 金额: $ 37.79万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-05-01 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8357599
• 关键词: Animal Model; Animals; Blood Cells; Chimera organism; Disease; Engineering; Family suidae; Funding; Grant; HIV-1; Human; Infection; Integration Host Factors; Macaca; Macaca mulatta; Macaca nemestrina; Mediating; Medicine; National Center for Research Resources; Pilot Projects; Plasma; Primates; Principal Investigator; Protein Isoforms; Proteins; Research; Research Infrastructure; Resistance; Resources; SIV; Source; Tail; Testing; United States National Institutes of Health; Viral; Viral Load result; Viremia; Virion; Virus; college; cost; improved; in vivo; insight; particle; prevent; vif Genes

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. Currently, there is no animal model for HIV-1 infection and disease because the virus is highly specific for humans. Macaques are generally resistant to HIV-1, with the exception being pig-tailed macaques. Our lab showed that pig-tailed macaques are unable to express functional isoforms of TRIM5-alpha, which has been identified as a host factor that restricts the replication of HIV-1 in rhesus monkeys. Therefore, it is possible that HIV-1 will only need to overcome restriction by another host factor, APOBEC3G/F, to replicate successfully in pig-tailed macaques. To test this hypothesis, we collaborated with Dr. J. Kimata of Baylor College of Medicine, who engineered an HIV-1 clone that includes the vif gene of SIVmne, allowing it to counteract APOBEC3G/F-mediated restriction. This chimeric virus, Pt-tropic HIV-1, is 96% HIV-1 and 4% SIV. It replicates in stimulated pig-tailed macaque blood cells as efficiently as SIVmne. In this pilot study, we inoculated 2 pig-tailed macaques intravenously with HSIV-vif. Both animals became infected and seroconverted, with plasma viremia detectable 1 wk after infection and reaching a peak between 104-105 copies/ml at wk 2.. Plasma viral load persisted for 10 months after infection between 102-103 copies/ml, but remained at baseline (d102 copies/ml) thereafter. To gain further insight on factors required for robust infection in pig-tailed macaques, we identified two notable differences between the Pt-tropic HIV-1 and SIVmne (1) SIV Vif does not associate with Pt-tropic HIV-1 viral particles; (2) while Pt-tropic HIV-1 degrades both Pt APOBEC3G and APOBEC3F, it prevents their inclusion in virions to a lesser extent than pathogenic SIVmne. Thus, while SIV Vif is necessary for persistent infection by Pt-tropic HIV-1, improved expression and inhibition of APOBEC3 proteins may be required for robust viral replication in vivo.

该子项目是利用资源的众多研究子项目之一 由 NIH/NCRR 资助的中心拨款提供。子项目的主要支持 并且子项目的主要研究者可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括其他 NIH 来源。 子项目可能列出的总成本 代表子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， NCRR 赠款不直接向子项目或子项目工作人员提供资金。 目前，还没有 HIV-1 感染和疾病的动物模型，因为该病毒对人类具有高度特异性。猕猴普遍对 HIV-1 具有抵抗力，但猪尾猕猴除外。我们的实验室表明，猪尾猕猴无法表达 TRIM5-alpha 的功能亚型，TRIM5-alpha 已被确定为限制 HIV-1 在恒河猴中复制的宿主因子。因此，HIV-1可能只需要克服另一个宿主因子APOBEC3G/F的限制，就能在猪尾猕猴中成功复制。为了检验这一假设，我们与贝勒医学院的 J. Kimata 博士合作，他设计了一个 HIV-1 克隆，其中包含 SIVmne 的 vif 基因，使其能够抵消 APOBEC3G/F 介导的限制。这种嵌合病毒，Pt-tropic HIV-1，是 96% HIV-1 和 4% SIV。它在受刺激的猪尾猕猴血细胞中复制的效率与 SIVmne 一样。在这项初步研究中，我们给 2 只猪尾猕猴静脉注射了 HSIV-vif。两只动物均被感染并发生血清转化，感染后 1 周可检测到血浆病毒血症，并在第 2 周达到 104-105 拷贝/ml 之间的峰值。感染后血浆病毒载量在 102-103 拷贝/ml 之间持续 10 个月，但此后仍保持在基线（d102 拷贝/ml）。为了进一步了解猪尾猕猴强烈感染所需的因素，我们发现了 Pt-tropic HIV-1 和 SIVmne 之间的两个显着差异（1）SIV Vif 与 Pt-tropic HIV-1 病毒颗粒无关； (2) 虽然 Pt-tropic HIV-1 会降解 Pt APOBEC3G 和 APOBEC3F，但它阻止它们包含在病毒体中的程度比致病性 SIVmne 的程度要小。因此，虽然 SIV Vif 对于 Pt 向性 HIV-1 的持续感染是必需的，但 APOBEC3 蛋白的表达和抑制的改善可能是病毒在体内复制的必要条件。