Strategies for reducing the impact of implicit stereotyping of Hispanics in recom

减少对西班牙裔人的隐性成见影响的策略

基本信息

批准号：
8333572
负责人：
JEFFREY A STONE
金额：
$ 7.58万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-06-01 至 2014-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8333572
关键词：
AIDS/HIV problem Arizona Attitude Award Belief Caring Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)Cognitive Communication Conscious Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosis Discrimination Educational process of instructing Educational workshop Effectiveness Ethnic group Exhibits Fatigue Goals Health Health Personnel Health Professional Healthcare Hispanics Incidence Individual Intake Interview Lead Malignant Neoplasms Mediating Medical Medical Students Methodology Mexican Motivation Nursing Students Outcome Pathway interactions Patient Noncompliance Patient Participation Patients Phase Play Pneumococcal Infections Prejudice Process Provider Psychology Quality of Care Reaction Time Recommendation Reliance Research Research Support Risk Role Shoulder Smoker Social Psychology Stereotyping Testing Training Translating Unconscious State Vaccination Withholding Treatment colorectal cancer screening cultural competence design disorder prevention empowered health care delivery health care quality health disparity health literacy high risk improved innovation minority health mortality novel strategies psychologic racial and ethnic racial and ethnic disparities research study skills smoking cessation social theories

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The current proposal seeks support for research on the role of implicit or unconscious stereotyping in the unequal treatment of Hispanics who seek healthcare. Research in social psychology on prejudice, stereotyping and discrimination shows that while many biases are conscious and deliberate, the expression of bias is often unintentional because people hold negative attitudes and stereotypes at an implicit or unconscious level. Thus, implicit biases may leak into the way health professionals acquire information, diagnose, and treat Hispanic patients, but the impact of implicit bias can also be mitigated by training health care providers to control their implicit biases, and by empowering Hispanic patients to use strategies that will deactivate the implicit biases held by their health care providers. The proposed research translates basic theory and methodology from the social psychological study of implicit stereotyping to achieve two broad goals for reducing bias against Hispanic patients: First, two experiments will examine the degree to which medical and nursing students hold the conscious and unconscious negative stereotype that Hispanic patients do not comply with diagnosis and treatment recommendations. Two experiments will examine how factors like fatigue and cognitive load moderate the implicit activation of the negative stereotype about Hispanic patients, and how the implicit activation of the stereotype mediates the acquisition of information, diagnosis and treatment of a Hispanic patient. Secondly, the research will develop and test new approaches to cultural competency and health literacy that can reduce implicit stereotyping of Hispanic patients. One project will test the effectiveness of a workshop to teach medical and nursing students about the psychology of implicit stereotyping and provide them strategies, like perspective taking, egalitarian goal activation, and collecting counter-stereotypic information that reduce the activation of implicit stereotypes. Another project will test the impact of patient-delivered strategies for inducing perspective taking, priming egalitarian goals, and providing counter-stereotypic information that reduce the activation of implicit stereotypes in a health care provider. The results of these studies will take significant steps toward understanding and reducing the role of unconscious stereotyping in the care provided to Hispanic patients. Involving both health care providers and Hispanic patients in the bias reduction process has the potential to enhance the health care provider's use of cultural competency and improve the Hispanic patient's participation in their care. Both of these outcomes, in turn, can improve communication between provider and patient, which will lead to better diagnosis and treatment recommendations for patients, and enhanced health literacy efficacy in Hispanic patients.

描述（由申请人提供）：当前的提案寻求支持有关隐式或无意识刻板印象在寻求医疗保健的西班牙裔待遇中的作用的研究。社会心理学的研究对偏见，刻板印象和歧视表明，尽管许多偏见是有意识和故意的，但偏见的表达通常是无意的，因为人们在隐式或无意识的水平上持有负面态度和刻板印象。因此，隐性偏见可能会泄漏到卫生专业人员获取信息，诊断和治疗西班牙裔患者的方式中，但是培训卫生保健提供者也可以减轻隐性偏见的影响，以控制其内隐偏见，并通过赋予西班牙裔患者的能力来使用其医疗保健医疗保健医生所持有的隐性偏见的策略。拟议的研究将基本理论和方法论转化为对隐性刻板印象的社会心理学研究，以实现降低对西班牙裔患者偏见的两个广泛目标：首先，两个实验将研究医学和护理学生持有有意识和无意识的负面刻板印象的程度，即西班牙裔患者不遵守诊断和治疗建议。两个实验将研究疲劳和认知负荷等因素如何适应有关西班牙裔患者负面刻板印象的隐式激活，以及刻板印象的隐式激活如何介导信息的获取，西班牙裔患者的诊断和治疗。其次，该研究将开发和测试新的文化能力和健康素养方法，以减少西班牙裔患者的隐式刻板印象。一个项目将测试研讨会的有效性，以教授医学和护理学生有关隐式刻板印象的心理学，并为他们提供策略，例如观点采取，平均目标激活，并收集相反的型号信息，以减少与隐式刻板印象的激活。另一个项目将测试患者提供的策略对诱导观点的影响，启动平等目标的影响，并提供反型信息，以减少医疗保健提供者中隐性刻板印象的激活。这些研究的结果将采取重要步骤，以理解和减少无意识的刻板印象在提供给西班牙裔患者的护理中的作用。让医疗保健提供者和西班牙裔患者参与减少偏见的过程有可能增强医疗保健提供者对文化能力的使用并改善西班牙裔患者参与他们的护理。反过来，这两种结果都可以改善提供者和患者之间的沟通，这将为患者提供更好的诊断和治疗建议，并提高西班牙裔患者的健康素养效果。