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Strategies for reducing the impact of implicit stereotyping of Hispanics in recom

减少对西班牙裔人的隐性成见影响的策略

基本信息

批准号：
8473699
负责人：
JEFFREY A STONE
金额：
$ 28.18万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2011-06-01 至 2015-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8473699
关键词：
AIDS/HIV problem Arizona Attitude Award Belief Caring Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U.S.)Cognitive Communication Conscious Diabetes Mellitus Diagnosis Discrimination Educational process of instructing Educational workshop Effectiveness Ethnic group Exhibits Fatigue Goals Health Health Personnel Health Professional Healthcare Hispanics Incidence Individual Intake Interview Lead Malignant Neoplasms Mediating Medical Medical Students Methodology Mexican Motivation Nursing Students Outcome Pathway interactions Patient Noncompliance Patient Participation Patients Phase Play Pneumococcal Infections Prejudice Process Provider Psychology Quality of Care Reaction Time Recommendation Reliance Research Research Support Risk Role Shoulder Smoker Social Psychology Stereotyping Testing Training Translating Unconscious State Vaccination Withholding Treatment colorectal cancer screening cultural competence design disorder prevention empowered health care delivery health care quality health disparity health literacy high risk improved innovation minority health mortality novel strategies psychologic public health relevance racial and ethnic racial and ethnic disparities research study skills smoking cessation social theories

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The current proposal seeks support for research on the role of implicit or unconscious stereotyping in the unequal treatment of Hispanics who seek healthcare. Research in social psychology on prejudice, stereotyping and discrimination shows that while many biases are conscious and deliberate, the expression of bias is often unintentional because people hold negative attitudes and stereotypes at an implicit or unconscious level. Thus, implicit biases may leak into the way health professionals acquire information, diagnose, and treat Hispanic patients, but the impact of implicit bias can also be mitigated by training health care providers to control their implicit biases, and by empowering Hispanic patients to use strategies that will deactivate the implicit biases held by their health care providers. The proposed research translates basic theory and methodology from the social psychological study of implicit stereotyping to achieve two broad goals for reducing bias against Hispanic patients: First, two experiments will examine the degree to which medical and nursing students hold the conscious and unconscious negative stereotype that Hispanic patients do not comply with diagnosis and treatment recommendations. Two experiments will examine how factors like fatigue and cognitive load moderate the implicit activation of the negative stereotype about Hispanic patients, and how the implicit activation of the stereotype mediates the acquisition of information, diagnosis and treatment of a Hispanic patient. Secondly, the research will develop and test new approaches to cultural competency and health literacy that can reduce implicit stereotyping of Hispanic patients. One project will test the effectiveness of a workshop to teach medical and nursing students about the psychology of implicit stereotyping and provide them strategies, like perspective taking, egalitarian goal activation, and collecting counter-stereotypic information that reduce the activation of implicit stereotypes. Another project will test the impact of patient-delivered strategies for inducing perspective taking, priming egalitarian goals, and providing counter-stereotypic information that reduce the activation of implicit stereotypes in a health care provider. The results of these studies will take significant steps toward understanding and reducing the role of unconscious stereotyping in the care provided to Hispanic patients. Involving both health care providers and Hispanic patients in the bias reduction process has the potential to enhance the health care provider's use of cultural competency and improve the Hispanic patient's participation in their care. Both of these outcomes, in turn, can improve communication between provider and patient, which will lead to better diagnosis and treatment recommendations for patients, and enhanced health literacy efficacy in Hispanic patients.

描述(由申请人提供)：目前的提案寻求支持关于隐含或无意识的刻板印象在寻求医疗保健的拉美裔人受到不平等待遇方面所起的作用的研究。社会心理学对偏见、刻板印象和歧视的研究表明，虽然许多偏见是有意识和故意的，但偏见的表现往往是无意的，因为人们在内隐或无意识的水平上持有负面态度和刻板印象。因此，隐性偏见可能会渗透到卫生专业人员获取信息、诊断和治疗拉美裔患者的方式中，但隐性偏见的影响也可以通过培训卫生保健提供者来控制他们的隐性偏见，并通过授权拉美裔患者使用策略来消除他们的卫生保健提供者持有的隐性偏见来减轻。这项拟议的研究借鉴了内隐刻板印象的社会心理学研究的基本理论和方法，以实现减少对拉美裔患者偏见的两个广泛目标：首先，两个实验将检查内科和护理专业的学生在多大程度上持有有意识和无意识的负面刻板印象，即拉美裔患者不遵守诊断和治疗建议。两个实验将考察疲劳和认知负荷等因素如何缓和对拉美裔患者的负面刻板印象的内隐激活，以及内隐激活的刻板印象如何中介拉美裔患者的信息获取、诊断和治疗。其次，这项研究将开发和测试文化能力和健康素养的新方法，以减少对拉美裔患者的内隐刻板印象。其中一个项目将测试一个研讨会的有效性，该研讨会旨在向医学和护理专业的学生传授内隐刻板印象的心理学知识，并为他们提供策略，如采取观点、平等主义目标激活，以及收集减少内隐刻板印象激活的反刻板印象信息。另一个项目将测试患者提供的策略的影响，这些策略包括诱导观点采纳、启动平等主义目标以及提供反刻板印象的信息，以减少医疗保健提供者中隐含的刻板印象的激活。这些研究的结果将在理解和减少无意识的刻板印象在提供给拉美裔患者的护理中的作用方面迈出重要的一步。让卫生保健提供者和拉美裔患者参与减少偏见的过程有可能加强卫生保健提供者对文化能力的利用，并提高拉美裔患者对其护理的参与度。这两种结果反过来都可以改善提供者和患者之间的沟通，这将导致对患者更好的诊断和治疗建议，并提高拉美裔患者的健康素养功效。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（6）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

At the Cutting Edge against Cancer: A Perspective on Immunoproteasome and Immune Checkpoints Modulation as a Potential Therapeutic Intervention.

DOI：
10.3390/cancers13194852
发表时间：
2021-09-28
期刊：
Cancers
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Tundo GR;Sbardella D;Oddone F;Kudriaeva AA;Lacal PM;Belogurov AA Jr;Graziani G;Marini S
通讯作者：
Marini S

How Hispanic Patients Address Ambiguous versus Unambiguous Bias in the Doctor's Office.

西班牙裔患者如何解决医生办公室中模糊与明确的偏见。

DOI：
10.1111/jasp.12260
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
Journal of applied social psychology
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Bean,MeghanG;Covarrubias,Rebecca;Stone,Jeff
通讯作者：
Stone,Jeff

Documenting Nursing and Medical Students' Stereotypes about Hispanic and American Indian Patients.

记录护理和医学生对西班牙裔和美洲印第安人患者的刻板印象。

DOI：
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
Journal of health disparities research and practice
影响因子：
0
作者：
Bean,MeghanG;Focella,ElizabethS;Covarrubias,Rebecca;Stone,Jeff;Moskowitz,GordonB;Badger,TerryA
通讯作者：
Badger,TerryA

Implicit stereotyping and medical decisions: unconscious stereotype activation in practitioners' thoughts about African Americans.