MARMOSET VARIATION AND CHIMERISM

这个子项目是利用资源的许多研究子项目之一。 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。对子项目的主要支持 子项目的首席调查员可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括美国国立卫生研究院的其他来源。为子项目列出的总成本可能 表示该子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， 不是由NCRR赠款提供给次级项目或次级项目工作人员的直接资金。 本项目的目标是了解常见的绒猴非人类灵长类模式生物的遗传变异。由于体型较小，繁殖周期和饲养速度较快，绒猴经常被用作旧大陆猴子的替代品。与啮齿动物模式生物不同，但与恒河猴相似的是，绒猴是异种繁殖的，彼此之间在基因上存在差异。我们已经率先使用猕猴身上自然发生的遗传变异作为人类神经精神疾病的模型。这项在绒猴和新世界猴子身上的工作扩展了这些努力，允许在更多的模型生物中进行建模。这反过来又允许跨物种进行比较，以更好地了解所观察到的遗传和表型特征的方向性和进化。此外，绒猴(以及更广泛的多毛虫)长期以来一直被认为是血液嵌合体；最近，这种嵌合体也在其他组织中被观察到。Callitrichids几乎总是产生在子宫内交换遗传物质的异卵双胞胎。尽管有这种嵌合体，但没有观察到大体表型，即使在XX雌性中也有他们的男性兄弟姐妹Y染色体。了解这一现象不仅有助于了解灵长类动物的子宫发育，而且有助于开发新的策略来改善器官移植后的排斥反应。

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. The goal of this project is to understand the genetic variation in the common marmoset non-human primate model organism. The marmoset is often used as an alternative to old world monkeys because of its smaller size, faster reproductive cycle and husbandry. Unlike rodent model organisms but similar to rhesus macaques, marmosets are outbred and vary genetically from one another. We have pioneered the use of naturally-occurring genetic variation in rhesus macaques as a model of human neuropsychiatric disease. This work in marmosets and new world monkey expands upon these efforts, allowing for modeling in additional model organisms. This, in turn, allows for a comparison across species to better understand the directionality and evolution of the observed genetic and phenotypic traits. Further, marmosets (and callitrichids more generally) have long been noted to be blood chimeras; more recently this chimerism has been observed in other tissues as well. Callitrichids nearly always produce fraternal twins which exchange genetic material in utero. Despite this chimerism, no gross phenotypes are observed, even among XX females harboring their male siblings Y chromosome as well. Understanding this phenomena not only will help in understanding in utero development in primates, but also may aid in developing novel strategies to ameliorate rejection following organ transplantation.