MARMOSET VARIATION AND CHIMERISM

狨猴变异和嵌合现象

• 批准号: 8358003
• 负责人: Eric J. Vallender
• 金额: $ 1.38万
• 依托单位: HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-05-01 至 2012-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8358003
• 关键词: Animal Model; Blood; Callithrix; Callithrix jacchus jacchus; Cebidae; Cercopithecidae; Chimera organism; Chimerism; Development; Disease; Dizygotic Twins; Evolution; Female; Funding; Genetic; Genetic Materials; Genetic Variation; Goals; Grant; Human; Macaca mulatta; Modeling; National Center for Research Resources; New England; Organ Transplantation; Phenotype; Primates; Principal Investigator; Research; Research Infrastructure; Resources; Rodent Model; Siblings; Source; Tissues; United States National Institutes of Health; Variant; Work; Y Chromosome; base; cost; in utero; male; neuropsychiatry; nonhuman primate; novel strategies; reproductive; trait

This subproject is one of many research subprojects utilizing the resources provided by a Center grant funded by NIH/NCRR. Primary support for the subproject and the subproject's principal investigator may have been provided by other sources, including other NIH sources. The Total Cost listed for the subproject likely represents the estimated amount of Center infrastructure utilized by the subproject, not direct funding provided by the NCRR grant to the subproject or subproject staff. The goal of this project is to understand the genetic variation in the common marmoset non-human primate model organism. The marmoset is often used as an alternative to old world monkeys because of its smaller size, faster reproductive cycle and husbandry. Unlike rodent model organisms but similar to rhesus macaques, marmosets are outbred and vary genetically from one another. We have pioneered the use of naturally-occurring genetic variation in rhesus macaques as a model of human neuropsychiatric disease. This work in marmosets and new world monkey expands upon these efforts, allowing for modeling in additional model organisms. This, in turn, allows for a comparison across species to better understand the directionality and evolution of the observed genetic and phenotypic traits. Further, marmosets (and callitrichids more generally) have long been noted to be blood chimeras; more recently this chimerism has been observed in other tissues as well. Callitrichids nearly always produce fraternal twins which exchange genetic material in utero. Despite this chimerism, no gross phenotypes are observed, even among XX females harboring their male siblings Y chromosome as well. Understanding this phenomena not only will help in understanding in utero development in primates, but also may aid in developing novel strategies to ameliorate rejection following organ transplantation.

这个子项目是许多利用资源的研究子项目之一 由NIH/NCRR资助的中心拨款提供。子项目的主要支持 子项目的主要研究者可能是由其他来源提供的， 包括其他NIH来源。 列出的子项目总成本可能 代表子项目使用的中心基础设施的估计数量， NCRR赠款不直接向子项目或子项目工作人员提供资金。 本计画的目的是了解常见的绒猴非人类灵长类模式生物的遗传变异。绒猴经常被用作旧世界猴子的替代品，因为它的体型较小，繁殖周期和饲养速度更快。与啮齿动物模式生物不同，但与恒河猴相似，绒猴是远系繁殖的，并且彼此之间的遗传差异很大。我们率先使用恒河猴的自然发生的遗传变异作为人类神经精神疾病的模型。在绒猴和新世界猴中的这项工作扩展了这些努力，允许在其他模式生物中建模。这反过来又允许跨物种进行比较，以更好地理解所观察到的遗传和表型性状的方向性和进化。此外，绒猴（以及更普遍的Callitrichids）长期以来一直被认为是血液嵌合体;最近在其他组织中也观察到这种嵌合体。水鞭毛虫几乎总是产生异卵双胞胎，在子宫内交换遗传物质。尽管存在这种嵌合体，但没有观察到大体表型，即使在携带其男性兄弟姐妹Y染色体的XX女性中也是如此。了解这种现象不仅有助于了解灵长类动物子宫内的发育，而且有助于开发新的策略来改善器官移植后的排斥反应。