The Role of Economic Evaluation in Translating HIV/AIDS Behavioral Interventions

经济评估在艾滋病毒/艾滋病行为干预措施转化中的作用

• 批准号: 8263547
• 负责人: Jose Luis Burgos
• 金额: $ 18.04万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8263547
• 关键词: AIDS prevention; AIDS/HIV problem; Area; Attitude; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Behavioral Sciences; Belief; California; Cities; Collection; Communities; Complement; Cost Effectiveness Analysis; Counseling; Data; Data Collection; Decision Making; Development; Economics; Educational workshop; Effectiveness; Ensure; Ethics; Evaluation Research; Evaluation Studies; Exposure to; Female; Funding; Goals; Government; Grant; Guidelines; HIV; HIV Infections; Health Care Costs; Health Policy; Incidence; Individual; Infection prevention; Institution; Intention; International; Intervention; Interview; K-Series Research Career Programs; Knowledge; Lead; Life; Mediation; Mentors; Mentorship; Methods; Mexican; Mexico; National Institute of Mental Health; Operations Research; Outcome; Persons; Policies; Policy Maker; Populations at Risk; Positioning Attribute; Prevalence; Prevention Guidelines; Preventive Intervention; Private Sector; Process; Program Effectiveness; Program Evaluation; Provider; Public Policy; Public Sector; Qualitative Methods; Questionnaires; Randomized Controlled Trials; Reading; Research; Research Methodology; Research Personnel; Research Training; Role; Sampling; Scientist; Services; Sexually Transmitted Diseases; Social Network; Staging; Training; Training Activity; Translating; Translational Research; Translations; Underserved Population; United States National Institutes of Health; Universities; Vulnerable Populations; Woman; Work; base; career; community setting; condoms; control trial; cost; cost effective; cost effectiveness; density; design; economic evaluation; ethnic minority population; evidence base; experience; improved; operation; parent grant; research study; safer sex; scale up; sex; skills; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of the proposed Mentored Scientist Career Development Award (K01) is to provide the candidate with mentoring and research experiences that will promote his development as an independent researcher, with particular emphasis in operations and translational research of evidence based (EB) HIV prevention behavioral interventions among vulnerable populations. The objectives of the training are to develop knowledge and skills in: 1) qualitative and mixed methods research to understand the decision-making process among policy makers as it relates to HIV prevention policies; 2) expertise in operations research of EB HIV prevention intervention in international settings; 3) advanced methods for cost-effectiveness analysis; 4) theory-driven behavioral HIV prevention interventions among vulnerable populations and 5) additional training in the ethical conduct of research among vulnerable populations. Training activities will include didactic coursework and specific workshops, directed readings and one-on-one tutorials with mentors. The candidate will receive mentorship from a training committee comprised of internationally renowned experts in the fields of translational research, behavioral science, and mixed methods research at the University of California San Diego. The specific aims of the proposed research are to: 1) qualitatively describe policy makers' perspectives vis-`-vis institutional, political, cultural and individual factors that facilitate or impede the use of economic evaluation research in translating EB behavioral interventions into health policy; 2) To quantitatively characterize Mexican government and community based organizations (CBO) policy-makers' knowledge, attitudes and the experience of translating results from economic evaluation research into policy decisions; 3) To estimate the programmatic cost-effectiveness of the Mujer Segura behavioral intervention, shown to reduce HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among female sex workers (FSWs) in Mexico during the large scale implementation process compared to current Mexican HIV/STI prevention guidelines. The research aims will be accomplished by conducting a mixed methods research study. Quantitative data will be drawn from the operations costs and health outcomes of the upscale implementation of an efficacious intervention (Mujer Segura) among 960 FSWs in twelve different cities in Mexico (National Institute of Mental Health grant titled: "Implementation of an efficacious intervention for Female Sex Workers in Mexico"; R01MH08754; PI: Patterson; Co-I: Dr. Strathdee). Qualitative data will be collected from in-depth interviews of a sample of 40 policy makers from governmental institutions and CBOs involved in HIV prevention in Mexico. Findings from the proposed research will position the candidate to propose an R01 proposal for in depth study of HIV policy maker's decision making process in HIV translation. Moreover, the candidate's binational and ethnic minority background combined with the proposed training and research will support a career trajectory focused on vulnerable, underserved populations at risk for HIV infection. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This project seeks to determine the programmatic cost-effectiveness of the upscale implementation a brief, single session counseling session (called "Mujer Segura") that has been proven efficacious in controlled trials in reducing HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among female sex workers who work in Mexican cities along the U.S. border. This project will use a mixed methods design incorporating both quantitative and qualitative methods to study Mexican policy-marker's beliefs, attitudes and knowledge about the use of economic evaluation studies in the health policy decision making process from both the public and private sectors to inform the proposed cost-effectiveness analysis. Developing skills in mixed methods HIV translational research will uniquely position the candidate as one of a handful of researchers in economic evaluation research with expertise in applying mixed methods to HIV prevention translational research and international research.

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议的导师科学家职业发展奖（K01）的目的是为候选人提供指导和研究经验，以促进他作为独立研究人员的发展，特别强调弱势群体中基于证据（EB）的艾滋病毒预防行为干预的操作和转化研究。培训的目标是培养以下方面的知识和技能： 1) 定性和混合方法研究，以了解政策制定者与艾滋病毒预防政策相关的决策过程； 2) 国际环境下 EB HIV 预防干预的运筹学专业知识； 3）先进的成本效益分析方法； 4) 对弱势群体进行理论驱动的行为艾滋病毒预防干预措施，以及 5) 对弱势群体进行研究道德行为的额外培训。培训活动将包括教学课程和特定研讨会、定向阅读和导师一对一辅导。候选人将获得由加州大学圣地亚哥分校转化研究、行为科学和混合方法研究领域国际知名专家组成的培训委员会的指导。拟议研究的具体目标是：1）定性描述政策制定者对制度、政治、文化和 促进或阻碍经济评价研究在翻译中的应用的个别因素 EB 对卫生政策的行为干预； 2）定量描述墨西哥政府和社区组织（CBO）政策制定者的知识、态度以及将经济评估研究结果转化为政策决策的经验； 3) 评估 Mujer Segura 行为干预措施的计划成本效益，与现行墨西哥 HIV/STI 预防指南相比，在大规模实施过程中，该行为干预措施可减少墨西哥女性性工作者 (FSW) 中的 HIV 和性传播感染 (STI)。研究目标将通过进行混合方法研究来实现。定量数据将从墨西哥 12 个不同城市的 960 名 FSW 大规模实施有效干预措施 (Mujer Segura) 的运营成本和健康结果中得出（国家心理健康研究所赠款，标题为：“对墨西哥女性性工作者实施有效干预措施”；R01MH08754；PI：Patterson；Co-I：Dr. 斯特拉斯迪）。定性数据将从对墨西哥参与艾滋病毒预防的政府机构和社区组织的 40 名政策制定者进行深入访谈中收集。拟议研究的结果将使候选人能够提出 R01 提案，以深入研究艾滋病毒政策制定者在艾滋病毒转化方面的决策过程。此外，候选人的双重国籍和少数族裔背景，加上拟议的培训和研究，将支持其职业轨迹侧重于易受感染、服务不足的弱势群体。 公共健康相关性：该项目旨在确定大规模实施简短的单次咨询课程（称为“Mujer Segura”）的计划成本效益，对照试验已证明该咨询课程可有效减少在美国边境墨西哥城市工作的女性性工作者的艾滋病毒和性传播感染（STI）。该项目将采用定量和定性相结合的混合方法设计来研究墨西哥政策制定者对公共和私营部门卫生政策决策过程中使用经济评估研究的信念、态度和知识，为拟议的成本效益分析提供信息。培养混合方法艾滋病毒转化研究的技能将使候选人成为经济评估研究中少数具有将混合方法应用于艾滋病毒预防转化研究和国际研究的专业知识的研究人员之一。