PROJECT 1: Community Health Assessment of Risks associated with the Macondo Spill

项目 1：马孔多泄漏事件相关风险的社区健康评估

• 批准号: 8378867
• 负责人: Sharon A Croisant
• 金额: $ 48.74万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-05-01 至 2016-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8378867
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Affect; Anthropology; Arizona; Biological Markers; Communities; Community Health; Community Outreach; Consumption; Crabs; DNA Adducts; Demographic Factors; Development; Disease; Economics; Education and Outreach; Ensure; Environmental Health; Event; Explosion; Family; Feedback; Financial Support; Fishes; Food Webs; Future; Gases; Glucocorticoids; Goals; Harvest; Health; Health Alliance; Household; Human; Hurricane; Individual; Industry; Institution; Knowledge; Long-Term Effects; Longitudinal Studies; Louisiana; Malignant Neoplasms; Marines; Measures; Medical; Mississippi; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Natural Disasters; Nature; Nicotine; Occupations; Oils; Outcome; Oxidative Stress; Oysters; Parents; Pennsylvania; Phase; Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Population; Process; Property; Psyche structure; Psychosocial Stress; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Assessment; Role; Safety; Sales; Sampling; Science; Scientist; Seafood; Sentinel; Shellfish; Shrimp; Smoke; Stress; Texas; Toxic effect; Translating; Uncertainty; Universities; Work; base; cohort; community based participatory research; community organizations; design; empowered; environmental toxicology; gulf coast; high throughput screening; lifestyle factors; meetings; member; research facility; resilience; response; social; sound; stressor; success

The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (UTMB) has been involved in response to the oil spill since shortly after the explosion of the Deepwater Horizon. Multiple discussions with community groups related to environmental health impacts have revealed primary concerns over lack of knowledge regarding the safety of petrogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the oil, its disposition due to use of dispersants, and long-term effects on the food web and human health effects. Concerns are increased since many families not only subsist on Gulf seafood but also rely on its harvest for financial support. This proposal thus seeks to understand the long-term health effects arising from contamination of the (3ulf by oil, with emphasis on Gulf finfish and shellfish and potential effects in humans consuming them. Project 1 utilizes a Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR), which actively involves the community in each phase. We will assess effects on human health at both individual and community levels, given that many Coastal communities have also suffered from a sequence of natural disasters. Project 1 includes: community organizations from LA and MS, UTMB, the University of Pennsylvania, Texas A&M University at Galveston, LA State University, and the University of AZ. Specific aims include: 1) establishing the consortium between Gulf fishing communities and academic scientists; 2) carrying out a comprehensive health assessment of exposed Gulf-fishing community members residing in LA and MS to include measures of parent petrogenic PAH in biospecimens and health effects, to be analyzed in Project 2; 3) measuring exposure and response biomarkers of petrogenic PAH, biomarkers of health effects including smoke exposure and psychosocial stress, and intermediate cancer biomarkers in the Project 1 cohort to be analyzed in Projects 3 and 4; 4) assessing the relationship of consumption of Gulf seafood and biomarkers of exposure, effect, and oxidative stress in the Gulf Coast population, 5) assessing the household and community economics of seafood; 6) investigating the inherent/traditional community resilience in affected communities and 7) evaluating the success of processes and outcomes in meeting identified needs.

自深水地平线爆炸后不久，德克萨斯大学加尔维斯顿医学分校 (UTMB) 就开始参与应对漏油事件。与环境健康影响相关的社区团体进行的多次讨论表明，人们主要担心的是，人们对石油中的石化多环烃 (PAH) 的安全性、使用分散剂造成的处置以及对食物网的长期影响和人类健康的影响缺乏了解。由于许多家庭不仅靠海湾海鲜维持生计，而且还依靠其收获来获得经济支持，因此人们的担忧加剧。因此，该提案旨在了解（3ulf）石油污染对健康造成的长期影响，重点是海湾鱼类和贝类以及人类食用它们的潜在影响。项目 1 采用基于社区的参与性研究 (CBPR)，在每个阶段积极参与社区。鉴于许多沿海社区也遭受了一系列自然灾害，我们将评估个人和社区层面对人类健康的影响。项目 1 包括： 来自洛杉矶和 MS、UTMB、宾夕法尼亚大学、德克萨斯 A&M 大学加尔维斯顿分校、洛杉矶州立大学和 亚利桑那大学。具体目标包括：1）建立海湾渔业社区和学术科学家之间的联盟； 2) 对居住在洛杉矶和密苏里州的暴露的海湾捕鱼社区成员进行全面的健康评估，包括生物样本中母体石化多环芳烃的测量和健康影响，将在项目 2 中进行分析； 3) 测量项目 3 和项目 4 中待分析的项目 1 队列中石化 PAH 的暴露和反应生物标志物、健康影响的生物标志物（包括烟雾暴露和社会心理压力）以及中间癌症生物标志物； 4) 评估墨西哥湾海鲜消费与墨西哥湾沿岸人口暴露、影响和氧化应激生物标志物的关系，5) 评估家庭和社区海鲜经济； 6) 调查受影响社区的固有/传统社区复原力，以及 7) 评估满足已确定需求的过程和结果的成功程度。