PROJECT 1: Community Health Assessment of Risks associated with the Macondo Spill

项目 1：马孔多泄漏事件相关风险的社区健康评估

• 批准号: 8238772
• 负责人: Sharon A Croisant
• 金额: $ 56.47万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS MED BR GALVESTON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8238772
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Affect; Anthropology; Arizona; Biological Markers; Communities; Community Health; Community Outreach; Consumption; Crabs; DNA Adducts; Demographic Factors; Development; Disease; Economics; Education and Outreach; Ensure; Environmental Health; Event; Explosion; Family; Feedback; Financial Support; Fishes; Food Webs; Future; Gases; Glucocorticoids; Goals; Harvest; Health; Health Alliance; Household; Human; Hurricane; Individual; Industry; Institution; Knowledge; Long-Term Effects; Longitudinal Studies; Louisiana; Malignant Neoplasms; Marines; Measures; Medical; Mississippi; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Natural Disasters; Nature; Nicotine; Occupations; Oils; Outcome; Oxidative Stress; Oysters; Parents; Pennsylvania; Phase; Polycyclic Hydrocarbons; Population; Process; Property; Psyche structure; Psychosocial Stress; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Risk Assessment; Role; Safety; Sales; Sampling; Science; Scientist; Seafood; Sentinel; Shellfish; Shrimp; Smoke; Stress; Texas; Toxic effect; Translating; Uncertainty; Universities; Work; base; cohort; community based participatory research; community organizations; design; empowered; environmental toxicology; gulf coast; high throughput screening; lifestyle factors; meetings; member; research facility; resilience; response; social; sound; stressor; success

The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (UTMB) has been involved in response to the oil spill since shortly after the explosion of the Deepwater Horizon. Multiple discussions with community groups related to environmental health impacts have revealed primary concerns over lack of knowledge regarding the safety of petrogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the oil, its disposition due to use of dispersants, and long-term effects on the food web and human health effects. Concerns are increased since many families not only subsist on Gulf seafood but also rely on its harvest for financial support. This proposal thus seeks to understand the long-term health effects arising from contamination of the (3ulf by oil, with emphasis on Gulf finfish and shellfish and potential effects in humans consuming them. Project 1 utilizes a Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR), which actively involves the community in each phase. We will assess effects on human health at both individual and community levels, given that many Coastal communities have also suffered from a sequence of natural disasters. Project 1 includes: community organizations from LA and MS, UTMB, the University of Pennsylvania, Texas A&M University at Galveston, LA State University, and the University of AZ. Specific aims include: 1) establishing the consortium between Gulf fishing communities and academic scientists; 2) carrying out a comprehensive health assessment of exposed Gulf-fishing community members residing in LA and MS to include measures of parent petrogenic PAH in biospecimens and health effects, to be analyzed in Project 2; 3) measuring exposure and response biomarkers of petrogenic PAH, biomarkers of health effects including smoke exposure and psychosocial stress, and intermediate cancer biomarkers in the Project 1 cohort to be analyzed in Projects 3 and 4; 4) assessing the relationship of consumption of Gulf seafood and biomarkers of exposure, effect, and oxidative stress in the Gulf Coast population, 5) assessing the household and community economics of seafood; 6) investigating the inherent/traditional community resilience in affected communities and 7) evaluating the success of processes and outcomes in meeting identified needs.

德克萨斯大学加尔维斯顿医学分支（UTMB）在深水地平线爆炸后不久就参与了应对漏油事件的工作。与社区团体就环境健康影响进行的多次讨论表明，人们主要关注的问题是缺乏对石油中石油多环烃安全性的了解，由于使用分散剂而造成的处置，以及对食物网和人类健康的长期影响。令人担忧的是，许多家庭不仅靠海湾海鲜为生，而且还依靠其收成获得经济支持。因此，本提案旨在了解石油污染对健康的长期影响，重点是海湾鱼类和贝类以及食用它们对人类的潜在影响。项目1采用了以社区为基础的前瞻性研究（CBPR），在每个阶段积极参与社区。鉴于许多沿海社区也遭受了一系列自然灾害，我们将评估对个人和社区一级人类健康的影响。项目1包括：来自洛杉矶和密西西比州的社区组织，UTMB，宾夕法尼亚大学，德克萨斯A&M大学加尔维斯顿，洛杉矶州立大学，以及 亚利桑那大学具体目标包括：1）建立海湾渔业社区和学术科学家之间的联盟; 2）对居住在洛杉矶和密西西比州的海湾渔业社区成员进行全面的健康评估，包括生物标本中的原生石油多环芳烃和健康影响的措施，将在项目2中进行分析; 3）测量岩石成因多环芳烃的暴露和反应生物标志物、健康影响的生物标志物，包括烟雾暴露和心理社会压力，和中间癌症生物标志物在项目3和4中分析的项目1队列中; 4）评估墨西哥湾海产品的消费与墨西哥湾沿岸人口中暴露、影响和氧化应激的生物标志物的关系，5）评估海产品的家庭和社区经济学; 6）调查受影响社区的固有/传统社区复原力; 7）评估满足已确定需求的进程和成果是否成功。