PROJECT 1: Community Health Assessment of Risks associated with the Macondo Spill

德克萨斯大学加尔维斯顿分校(UTMB)自深水地平线爆炸后不久就参与了对漏油事件的反应。与社区团体就环境健康影响进行的多次讨论表明，人们主要关注的问题是缺乏对石油中成岩多环烃(PAHs)的安全性、使用分散剂对其处置以及对食物网和人类健康影响的长期影响的知识。由于许多家庭不仅以海湾海鲜为生，而且还依靠海湾海鲜的收成提供经济支持，人们的担忧加剧。因此，该提案试图了解油类污染对健康的长期影响，重点是墨西哥湾的鱼类和贝类，以及食用它们对人类的潜在影响。项目1利用以社区为基础的参与性研究(CBPR)，在每个阶段积极让社区参与。鉴于许多沿海社区也遭受了一系列自然灾害，我们将在个人和社区两级评估对人类健康的影响。项目1包括：来自洛杉矶和MS的社区组织、UTMB、宾夕法尼亚大学、加尔维斯顿德克萨斯农工大学、洛杉矶州立大学和 亚利桑那州大学。具体目标包括：1)建立海湾渔业社区和学术科学家之间的联盟；2)对居住在洛杉矶和MS的海湾渔业社区暴露成员进行全面的健康评估，以包括生物检疫中母体成岩多环芳烃和健康影响的测量，将在项目2中进行分析；3)测量项目1队列中成岩多环芳烃的暴露和反应生物标记物、健康影响的生物标记物，包括烟雾暴露和心理社会应激，以及项目1队列中的中间癌症生物标记物，将在项目3和4中进行分析；4)评估墨西哥湾海鲜消费与墨西哥湾沿岸人口暴露、影响和氧化应激生物标记物的关系；5)评估海鲜的家庭和社区经济；6)调查受影响社区的固有/传统社区复原力；7)评估满足已确定需求的过程和结果的成功。

The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (UTMB) has been involved in response to the oil spill since shortly after the explosion of the Deepwater Horizon. Multiple discussions with community groups related to environmental health impacts have revealed primary concerns over lack of knowledge regarding the safety of petrogenic polycyclic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the oil, its disposition due to use of dispersants, and long-term effects on the food web and human health effects. Concerns are increased since many families not only subsist on Gulf seafood but also rely on its harvest for financial support. This proposal thus seeks to understand the long-term health effects arising from contamination of the (3ulf by oil, with emphasis on Gulf finfish and shellfish and potential effects in humans consuming them. Project 1 utilizes a Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR), which actively involves the community in each phase. We will assess effects on human health at both individual and community levels, given that many Coastal communities have also suffered from a sequence of natural disasters. Project 1 includes: community organizations from LA and MS, UTMB, the University of Pennsylvania, Texas A&M University at Galveston, LA State University, and the University of AZ. Specific aims include: 1) establishing the consortium between Gulf fishing communities and academic scientists; 2) carrying out a comprehensive health assessment of exposed Gulf-fishing community members residing in LA and MS to include measures of parent petrogenic PAH in biospecimens and health effects, to be analyzed in Project 2; 3) measuring exposure and response biomarkers of petrogenic PAH, biomarkers of health effects including smoke exposure and psychosocial stress, and intermediate cancer biomarkers in the Project 1 cohort to be analyzed in Projects 3 and 4; 4) assessing the relationship of consumption of Gulf seafood and biomarkers of exposure, effect, and oxidative stress in the Gulf Coast population, 5) assessing the household and community economics of seafood; 6) investigating the inherent/traditional community resilience in affected communities and 7) evaluating the success of processes and outcomes in meeting identified needs.