Inflexibility and Vulnerability to Depression

缺乏灵活性且容易抑郁

• 批准号: 8456335
• 负责人: Jonathan P Stange
• 金额: $ 5.01万
• 依托单位: TEMPLE UNIV OF THE COMMONWEALTH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8456335
• 关键词: Adolescence; Affective; Area; Behavioral; Cardiac; Cognitive; Depressed mood; Development; Disease; Distal; Economics; Emotional; Empirical Research; Environmental Risk Factor; Evaluation; Event; Frequencies; Genetic; High Prevalence; Individual; Life; Life Stress; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Major Depressive Disorder; Measurement; Measures; Mediating; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Methods; Modeling; Participant; Pattern; Prevention; Prevention program; Process; Psyche structure; Psychophysiology; Recurrence; Research; Research Design; Residual state; Risk; Risk Factors; Sinus Arrhythmia; Stress; Students; Testing; Theoretical model; Thinking; Time; Variant; Work; college; coping; cost; depressive symptoms; design; early adolescence; emotion regulation; executive function; experience; flexibility; follow-up; indexing; neuropsychological; prospective; respiratory; response; stressor; theories; trait; university student

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most common lifetime mental disorder1 and is associated with tremendous personal, economic and societal costs2, 3. Although existing research has evaluated various genetic, cognitive, and environmental risk factors for MDD4, much prior work has evaluated risk factors in isolation without examining commonalities and incremental ability to predict which individuals will become depressed. This proposal seeks to evaluate and compare inflexible cognitive, behavioral, and psychophysiological factors known to be associated with depression5, and that may also constitute vulnerabilities to depression, particularly in combination with life stressors , 7. The proposed project is designed to more closely examine (1) which measures of cognitive, behavioral, and psychophysiological inflexibility confer the greatest risk for increases in depressive symptoms, particularly when individuals are confronted with life stressors, and (2) whether depressive symptoms predict decreased coping flexibility and explanatory flexibility. Given that the onset of MDD typically occurs between adolescence and early adulthood3, and that the college years are a time of fluctuation in stressors in the academic and interpersonal domains8-10, college may be an ideal period in which to evaluate patterns of coping in response to these stressors11. Therefore, participants in the proposed study will be college students. Participants will complete a baseline evaluation of depressive symptoms, coping flexibility, explanatory flexibility, cognitive flexibility (via behavioral and neuropsychological tasks), and psychophysiological flexibility (via respiratory sinus arrhythmia). Participants will complete four follow-up assessments, once every three weeks, evaluating life stress, explanatory flexibility and coping flexibility in response to life stress experienced, and depressive symptoms, allowing for idiographic (within-subject) measurement of variations in stress12. The multi-method, multi-wave design of this study will allow for powerful assessment and comparison of these inflexibilities and has the potential to illuminate specific facets of inflexibility that may confer the greatest risk for depression. Thus, this study has the potentialto provide a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the development of MDD, which may help to inform prevention programs for individuals at risk for this condition. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is the most common lifetime mental disorder and is associated with tremendous personal, economic and societal costs. The proposed project is designed to examine which measures of cognitive, behavioral, and psychophysiological inflexibility confer the greatest risk for depression, particularly when individuals are confronted with life stressors. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the development of MDD will help to inform prevention programs for individuals at risk for this condition.

描述（由申请人提供）：重度抑郁症（MDD）是最常见的终身精神障碍1，并与巨大的个人，经济和社会成本2，3。虽然现有的研究已经评估了MDD 4的各种遗传，认知和环境风险因素，但许多先前的工作已经孤立地评估了风险因素，而没有检查共性和预测哪些人会变得抑郁的增量能力。 该提案旨在评估和比较已知与抑郁症相关的僵化的认知，行为和心理生理因素5，这些因素也可能构成抑郁症的脆弱性，特别是与生活压力因素相结合，7。 该项目旨在更仔细地检查（1）认知，行为和心理生理学的可测量性赋予抑郁症状增加的最大风险，特别是当个体面临生活压力时，以及（2）抑郁症状是否预示着应对灵活性和解释灵活性的降低。 考虑到抑郁症的发作通常发生在青春期和成年早期3之间，并且大学时期是学术和人际关系领域压力源波动的时期8 -10，大学可能是评估应对这些压力源的模式的理想时期11。 因此，拟议研究的参与者将是大学生。 参与者将完成抑郁症状、应对灵活性、解释灵活性、认知灵活性（通过行为和神经心理任务）和心理生理灵活性（通过呼吸性窦性心律失常）的基线评估。 参与者将完成四次随访评估，每三周一次，评估生活压力，应对生活压力的解释灵活性和应对灵活性，以及抑郁症状，允许具体（受试者内）测量压力变化12。 本研究的多方法，多波设计将允许对这些能力进行强有力的评估和比较，并有可能阐明可能导致抑郁症风险最大的能力的特定方面。 因此，这项研究有可能提供一个更好的了解参与MDD的发展，这可能有助于告知个人在这种情况下的风险预防计划的机制。 公共卫生相关性：重度抑郁症（MDD）是最常见的终身精神障碍，与巨大的个人，经济和社会成本相关。 该项目旨在研究哪些认知，行为和心理生理学的可接受性措施赋予抑郁症的最大风险，特别是当个人面临生活压力时。 更好地了解MDD发展中涉及的机制将有助于为有这种情况风险的个人提供预防计划。