Cerebral Protein Synthesis During Sleep and Memory Consolidation

在2012年融资期间，我们处理了以下问题： 在与我们的同事从沃尔特里德陆军研究所（T。Picchioni，我们使用L-1- 11 Cleucine正电子发射断层扫描方法，在正常觉醒，睡眠剥夺觉醒和睡眠的三次连续扫描中测量同一受试者的rCPS。这些研究将测试蛋白质合成在睡眠期间增加以恢复大脑基础设施的想法。受试者是年龄在18至28岁之间的健康男性和女性志愿者。 到目前为止，我们有完整的数据集，在第三次扫描期间，7名受试者在慢波睡眠中花费了30-68加权%的时间。 我们已经测量了15个区域和整个大脑的rCPS，初步结果表明，在睡眠期间，某些大脑区域的rCPS有升高的趋势。 我们还确定rCPS的睡眠依赖性增加是否与记忆的睡眠依赖性改善有关。 我们使用纹理辨别任务来评估学习和记忆。这项任务的性能的改善已被证明取决于睡眠。 由于纹理辨别任务是视网膜定位特异性的，在一个半球的训练（由于对侧视野中的刺激）不会改善对侧半球的表现。因此，我们确定初级视觉皮层的训练半球中rCPS的变化，并使用未训练的半球作为对照。受试者是年龄在18岁至28岁之间的健康男性和女性。任务在早上进行，受试者在中午的正电子发射断层扫描期间被随机分配到午睡组或无午睡组，并且任务在晚上重新进行。任务的刺激总是在视野的下半部分，我们随机选择受刺激的一侧（左或右）。 我们假设，在午睡期间在SWS中花费大量时间的受试者中，将观察到训练半球的rCPS增加。 我们在六个科目的初步结果表明，rCPS确实是增加的初级视觉皮层的一部分，映射到刺激。

During the 2012 funding period, we addressed the following: In collaboration with our colleagues from the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (T.Balkin and D. Picchioni, we use the L-1-11Cleucine positron emission tomography method to measure rCPS in the same subject during three consecutive scans in normal wakefulness, sleep-deprived wakefulness, and sleep. These studies will test the idea that protein synthesis is elevated during sleep to restore brain infrastructure. Subjects are healthy male and female volunteers between the ages of 18 and 28 y. To date we have complete data sets on seven subjects who spent between 30-68 weighted % time in slow wave sleep during the third scan. We have measured rCPS in 15 regions and the brain as a whole, and preliminary results indicate trends for elevated rCPS during sleep in some brain regions. We are also determining whether sleep-dependent increases in rCPS are associated with sleep-dependent improvements in memory. We use the texture discrimination task to assess learning and memory. Improvement on performance of this task has been demonstrated to depend on sleep. Because the texture discrimination task is retinotopically specific, training in one hemisphere (due to stimuli in the contralateral visual field) does not improve performance in the opposite hemisphere. Therefore, we determine changes in rCPS in the trained hemisphere of the primary visual cortex and use the untrained hemisphere as a control. Subjects are healthy males and females between the ages of 18 and 28y. The task is administered in the morning, subjects are randomized to nap or no-nap groups during the positron emission tomography scan at midday, and the task is re-administered in the evening. The stimulus of the task is always in the lower half of the visual field and we randomize the stimulated side (left or right). We hypothesize that an increase in rCPS in the trained hemisphere will be observed in subjects who spent a significant time in SWS during the nap. Our preliminary results in six subjects indicate that rCPS is indeed increased in the part of primary visual cortex that maps to the stimulus.