Project 1

项目1

• 批准号: 8479253
• 负责人: Marian E Berryhill
• 金额: $ 19.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA RENO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8479253
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adult; Age; Attention; Basic Science; Behavioral; Brain; Cognition; Cognitive; Communication; Complex; Failure; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Hospitals; Individual; Instruction; Knowledge; Lesion; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Memory impairment; Mind; Neuropsychology; Neurosciences; Outcome; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Participant; Performance; Population; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Protocols documentation; Psyche structure; Published Comment; Role; Scalp structure; Short-Term Memory; Techniques; Telephone; Testing; Therapeutic Studies; Training Programs; Traumatic Brain Injury; Visit; Visual; Visuospatial; Work; aging brain; aging population; base; cognitive function; design; executive function; experience; healthy aging; improved; named group; neural stimulation; neuroimaging; neuron loss; novel; rehearsal; relating to nervous system; research study; white matter; white matter damage; young adult

Understanding the Neural Basis of Working IVIemory to Improve WIVI Function The purpose of this proposal is to conduct basic research to understand the neural correlates of working memory. The second purpose is to then apply our findings to improve working memory function in the healthy aging and in those with traumatic brain injury through novel neurostimulation protocols. First, we will use functional neuroimaging (fMRI) to test two contradictory theoretical viewpoints regarding the role of the posterior parietal cortex in working memory. It is important to understand the role of the posterior parietal cortex to appropriately design therapeutic studies for improving working memory. Thus, the results from the first experiments will guide the design and predicted outcomes ofthe applied experiments in which transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is applied to special populations. TDCS is thought to improve cognitive function through several mechanisms. The tDCS technique involves the application of a safe, low level of electrical current to the scalp. The electrical current passes into the cortex and can transiently increase or decrease the likelihood of neurononal firing in the cortex, and it may also increase the activity in white matter tracts to overcome white matter damage. We predict that anodal (+) tDCS applied to the prefrontal and/or parietal cortices, will improve visuospatial and verbal working memory function by increasing the underactivity of cortical activations in the healthy aging. In a longitudinal study of working memory, we will apply parietal, prefrontal or alternating parietal/prefrontal anodal tDCS to separate groups of healthy aging individuals. The duration of improvement will be tested by bringing participants in for a final behavioral session one month after their final tDCS session. The second set of applied experiments will test whether tDCS can also be used effectively to improve cognitive function in participants with mild or moderate traumatic brain injury. In these participants, there is is often white matter damage. We will conduct experiments to see if alternating parietal/prefrontal tDCS stimulation will improve visuospatial or verbal working memory in those with traumatic brain injury.

了解 IVI 内存工作的神经基础以改善 WIVI 功能 该提案的目的是进行基础研究，以了解工作的神经相关性 记忆。第二个目的是应用我们的发现来改善工作记忆功能 通过新颖的神经刺激方案促进健康老龄化和脑外伤患者的健康。首先，我们将 使用功能神经成像（fMRI）来测试关于神经功能作用的两种相互矛盾的理论观点 工作记忆中的后顶叶皮层。了解后顶叶的作用很重要 皮层适当地设计治疗研究以改善工作记忆。因此，从结果 第一个实验将指导应用实验的设计和预测结果，其中 经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）适用于特殊人群。 TDCS 被认为可以改善 通过多种机制发挥认知功能。 tDCS 技术涉及应用安全、低 到达头皮的电流水平。电流进入皮层并可以短暂地 增加或减少皮质中神经元放电的可能性，并且还可能增加 白质束克服白质损伤。我们预测阳极 (+) tDCS 应用于 前额叶和/或顶叶皮质，将通过以下方式改善视觉空间和言语工作记忆功能 增加健康衰老过程中皮质激活的不活跃程度。在对工作的纵向研究中 记忆，我们将应用顶叶、前额叶或交替顶叶/前额叶阳极 tDCS 来区分不同的组 健康老龄化的个体。改进的持续时间将通过让参与者进行最终测试来测试 最后一次 tDCS 课程一个月后进行行为课程。第二组应用实验将测试 经颅直流电刺激 (tDCS) 是否也可以有效改善轻度或中度患者的认知功能 脑外伤。在这些参与者中，经常存在白质损伤。我们将进行 实验观察交替顶叶/前额叶 tDCS 刺激是否会改善视觉空间或语言能力 脑外伤患者的工作记忆。