Biological vector control reducing arboviruses, including Dengue and Chikungunya

生物媒介控制减少虫媒病毒，包括登革热和基孔肯雅热

• 批准号: 8392450
• 负责人: Stephen Leonard Dobson
• 金额: $ 17.94万
• 依托单位: MOSQUITOMATE, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-06-01 至 2014-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8392450
• 关键词: Address; Aedes; Affect; Arboviruses; Area; Asians; Bacteria; Biological; Biology; Bite; Blood; Breeding; California; Complement; Containment; Culex pipiens; Culicidae; Dengue; Development; Disease; Disease Vectors; Economic Models; Embryo; Encephalitis; Excision; Failure; Female; Fertility; Genetic; Genetically Modified Organisms; Goals; Government; Indigenous; Infection; International; Kentucky; Laboratories; Legal patent; Letters; Licensing; Life; Marketing; Measures; Methods; Modification; Mosquito Control; Output; Partner in relationship; Pesticides; Phase; Population; Preparation; Prevention; Procedures; Process; Production; Public Health; Regulatory Pathway; Relative (related person); Research; Resistance; Rivers; Rosa; Scientist; Site; Sorting - Cell Movement; Sterility; Technology; Testing; Therapeutic; Tigers; Training; United States Environmental Protection Agency; Universities; Vaccines; Wolbachia; Work; base; chikungunya; cost; egg; feeding; hatching; improved; male; meetings; microbial; novel; pathogen; phase 1 study; prevent; reproductive; research study; tool; transmission process; vector; vector control; vector mosquito

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): In the absence of effective, approved vaccines or therapeutic measures against dengue and other mosquito borne pathogens, public health efforts must focus on the control of mosquito vectors that are required for transmission. Unfortunately, effective control measures are not available against the invasive and medically important Asian Tiger Mosquito (Aedes albopictus). This is due largely to its biology; the cryptic and inaccessible breeding sites of this mosquito prevent finding and treating a large proportion of the targeted mosquito population. This project will perform critical research required for the development of a self-delivering, species specific, biological control approach against Ae. albopictus, without involving genetically modified organisms. In brief, the strategy is to release Ae. albopictus males that are infected with Wolbachia bacteria, which effectively sterilize the mates of the released males. Male mosquitoes do not bite, blood feed, or transmit disease. They can be reared inexpensively and can find indigenous female Ae. albopictus more effectively than a team of trained professionals using existing tools. Following mating, the mated females are sterile for the remainder of their life. The Wolbachia-based approach can be integrated with existing insecticidal approaches, allowing the simultaneous control of Ae. albopictus and additional important mosquitoes. In Phase I of this study, we will (1) extend prior work characterizing the level of egg hatch resulting from the incompatible matings with USA-derived indigenous mosquitoes, (2) assess the reproductive output of the laboratory colony, which will allow for improved estimate of rearing cost, (3) test methods for packaging and delivery and (4) assess competitiveness of the resulting males infected with the Wolbachia microbial pesticide. Each of these goals is important for the intended downstream economic model. The proposed scientific goals will occur in parallel with an EPA assessment that is in progress toward an Experimental Use Permit. Downstream, the approach being developed is broadly applicable to additional important mosquitoes both within and beyond the USA. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Due to the lack of vaccines for prevention of dengue and additional mosquito borne pathogens in the USA, controlling important mosquito populations is critical. This project supports further development of a self- delivering, species specific, biological control targeting Aedes albopictus, an invasive mosquito for which effective controls are not available. The approach being developed will be compatible with, and can be used simultaneously with, existing insecticidal tools. A regulatory pathway is defined. Moreover, the approach will be broadly applicable to additional mosquito vector species (e.g., Ae. aegypti, Culex pipiens, etc.) and appropriate for areas outside the USA.

说明(申请人提供)：在缺乏针对登革热和其他蚊媒病原体的有效、经批准的疫苗或治疗措施的情况下，公共卫生努力必须集中于控制传播所需的蚊媒。不幸的是，对侵袭性和医学上重要的亚洲虎蚊(白纹伊蚊)没有有效的控制措施。这在很大程度上是由于其生物学上的原因；这种蚊子隐秘而难以接近的滋生地点阻止了发现和治疗很大比例的目标蚊子种群。该项目将进行关键研究，以开发一种针对AE的自我递送、特定物种的生物防治方法。白纹伊蚊，不涉及转基因生物。简而言之，策略是释放Ae。感染了沃尔巴克氏菌的雄性白纹伊蚊，有效地使被释放的雄性白纹伊蚊的配偶绝育。雄性蚊子不叮咬，不吸血，也不传播疾病。它们可以廉价地饲养，并且可以找到土著的雌性Ae。与使用现有工具的训练有素的专业人员团队相比，白化病更有效。交配后，交配的雌性在其余生中都是不育的。基于沃尔巴克氏菌的方法可以与现有的杀虫方法相结合，从而能够同时控制Ae。白纹伊蚊和其他重要蚊子。在这项研究的第一阶段，我们将(1)扩展先前的工作，确定与美国本土蚊子不相容的交配所产生的卵孵化水平，(2)评估实验室群体的繁殖产量，这将有助于改进饲养成本的估计，(3)包装和交付的测试方法，以及(4)评估感染沃尔巴克氏菌微生物杀虫剂的雄性蚊子的竞争力。这些目标中的每一个对于预期的下游经济模式都很重要。拟议的科学目标将与环保局正在进行的一项评估同步进行，该评估正在朝着实验使用许可的方向发展。在下游，正在开发的方法广泛适用于美国国内外的其他重要蚊子。 公共卫生相关性：由于美国缺乏预防登革热和其他蚊媒病原体的疫苗，控制重要的蚊子种群至关重要。该项目支持进一步开发针对白纹伊蚊的自我递送、特定物种的生物防治，白纹伊蚊是一种入侵蚊子，目前尚无有效的防治措施。正在开发的方法将与现有的杀虫工具兼容，并可同时使用。定义了一条调控途径。此外，该方法将广泛适用于更多的蚊媒物种(例如，伊蚊)。埃及伊蚊、淡色库蚊等)并适用于美国以外的地区。