Transrectal Imaging of Prostate Cancer Using a Globally Convergent Method

采用全局收敛方法的前列腺癌经直肠成像 摘要 虽然医学成像的许多技术都很先进，但没有简单和准确的成像 有一种工具可以指导前列腺癌的早期检测、组织活检和最佳治疗。 需要更多的研究和技术开发来探索可靠和定量的 用于改善前列腺癌筛查、诊断和预后的成像手段。 这个R01提案的总体假设是一个新的全局收敛方法 与经直肠、多通道光学成像系统相结合，可以开发和 用于经直肠对人前列腺癌的体内检测和诊断。这个 具体目标是： 目标1：开发并验证一种全局收敛方法(GCM)以获得二维(2- D)光学参数(吸收和散射参数)的重建图像 是人类前列腺癌的特征。 目标2：设计、实施和验证经直肠、多通道光学成像系统 可用于非侵入性或非侵入性地测量来自人类前列腺体的光信号 微创前列腺癌诊断或/和筛查。 目标3(A)：使用人前列腺样组织对所开发的二维GCM进行实验验证 模体，以便可以探索适当的改进、修改或校准以改进 无论是理论上的精确度还是实验设计。 目标3(B)：对体外培养的人前列腺癌进行光学成像测量 并与组织学结果进行比较，以验证 新开发的2-D GCM。 目的3(C)：通过在活体人体内进行GCM和经直肠成像系统的验证 前列腺切除术中的前列腺测量。将进行光学测量 在手术开始时经直肠切除前列腺，然后取下 同样是在体外培养的前列腺上。体内外检测结果的比较 将用于改进二维GCM和经直肠成像系统。 这个拟议的项目是一项可行性研究。我们希望表明，GCM是一种直接和快速的 具有成熟的数学基础的图像重建算法，导致经济 以及用于前列腺癌检测的实用近红外成像仪。此外，通过将光学 层析成像技术与新型经直肠光学探头的研究 研究小组有一个独特的机会来获得前列腺癌的光学和生理特征 在人类中，这将使正确计划未来的试验具有统计意义的数字 受试者的。长期目标是利用光学衍生的签名作为指纹 前列腺癌，以诊断未来的癌症。

Transrectal Imaging of Prostate Cancer Using a Globally Convergent Method Abstract While many technologies for medical imaging are advanced, no simple and accurate imaging tool exists to guide early detection, tissue biopsy and optimal treatment for prostate cancer. More research and technology development are needed to explore reliable and quantitative imaging means for improved prostate cancer screening, diagnosis and prognosis. The overall hypothesis for this R01 proposal is that a novel Globally Convergent Method in combination with a transrectal, multi-channel optical imaging system can be developed and used in vivo for transrectal detection and diagnosis of prostate cancer in human. The Specific Aims are: Aim 1: develop and validate a globally convergent method (GCM) to obtain 2-dimentional (2- D) reconstructed images of optical parameters (both absorption and scattering parameters) that are characteristic of human prostate cancer. Aim 2: design, implement, and validate a transrectal, multi-channel optical imaging system that can be used to measure optical signals from human prostate glands for non-invasive or minimally invasive prostate cancer diagnosis or/and screen. Aim 3(a): experimentally validate the developed 2-D GCM using human prostate-like tissue phantoms so that appropriate refinement, modification, or calibration can be explored to improve both theoretical accuracy and experimental designs. Aim 3(b): perform optical imaging measurements on ex vivo human prostate glands, which are removed from patients during prostatectomy, and compare with histology results to validate the newly developed 2-D GCM. Aim 3(c): validate the 2-D GCM and transrectal imaging system by performing in vivo human prostate measurements during prostatectomy. The optical measurements will be carried out transrectally in the beginning of the surgery before the prostate is removed and then taken again on the same ex vivo prostate gland. Comparison between the in vivo and ex vivo results will be made and utilized for improvement of the 2-D GCM and transrectal imaging system. This proposed project is a feasibility study. We wish to show that the GCM is a direct and fast imaging reconstruction algorithm with proven mathematical foundation, leading to an economic and practical NIR imager for prostate cancer detection. Also, by combining the optical tomographic imaging technique with the novel design of transrectal optical probes, the research team has a unique opportunity to obtain optical and physiological signatures of prostate cancer in human, which will enable proper planning of a future trial with a statistically significant number of subjects. The long-term goal is to utilize optically derived signatures as finger-prints of prostate cancer to diagnose the cancer in the future.