Neural Correlates of Risk-Taking in Adolescents Exposed to Drugs Prenatally

产前接触药物的青少年冒险行为的神经相关性

• 批准号: 7869144
• 负责人: TRACY L. RIGGINS
• 金额: $ 23.22万
• 依托单位: UNIV OF MARYLAND, COLLEGE PARK
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-08-01 至 2012-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/7869144
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Affect; Amygdaloid structure; Area; Arousal; Attention; Behavior; Behavior Control; Behavioral; Birth; Brain; Brain region; Childhood; Cognitive; Computers; Confounding Factors (Epidemiology); Data; Development; Disease model; Dopamine; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Emotional; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Exposure to; Female of child bearing age; Fetal Development; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Individual; Intervention; Investigation; Knowledge; Laboratories; Lead; Life; Long-Term Effects; Longitudinal Studies; Maps; Measures; Modeling; Neural Pathways; Nucleus Accumbens; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Pattern; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Prevention strategy; Problem behavior; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Recruitment Activity; Regulation; Research; Rewards; Risk; Risk Behaviors; Risk Factors; Risk-Taking; Sampling; Structure; System; Testing; Time; Ursidae Family; Ventral Tegmental Area; abstracting; addiction; base; behavior measurement; cognitive neuroscience; cohort; comparison group; design; drug exposure in utero; executive function; fetal; fetal drug exposure; frontal lobe; innovation; interest; intergenerational; nerve supply; neurobehavioral; neurodevelopment; prenatal; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; research study; reward processing; social; tool; unborn child

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Project Summary (abstract) Drug abuse among women of child-bearing age is an enduring public health problem because exposure to drugs during the prenatal period can directly alter the course of fetal development and adversely impact later outcomes. Our research aims to characterize effects of prenatal drug exposure (PDE) on neurobehavioral outcomes in adolescence. Effects of PDE may be especially significant during this developmental period due to unbalanced development of brain regions associated with responsiveness to rewards and behavioral control and the accumulation of social and environmental risk factors. The objective of this application is to identify how PDE relates to adolescents' own risk-taking propensity at both the behavioral and neural level. We will use functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to examine brain activation in a well-characterized sample of adolescents with a history of PDE who have been followed since birth while they complete an established, ecologically valid, computer-based assessment tool for risk-taking behavior. We hypothesize that PDE will lead to 1) direct alterations in neural structure and function associated with reward pathways due to disrupted neurodevelopment, and 2) indirect effects by altering the baseline activity of neural systems, increasing vulnerability to socio-environmental risk factors, and altering the individuals' own assessment of and engagement in risk-taking behavior. Results of this investigation will advance the field as it brings the power and tools of cognitive neuroscience to bear on long-term effects of drug abuse and addiction. Understanding how PDE affects functioning at the neural level in adolescents is crucial for understanding behavioral effects, including the development of risk-taking and other problem behaviors. These outcomes will have an important impact as they will demonstrate the long-term consequences of PDE on development and highlight relations with the environment. Research that integrates neural and behavioral measures in public health relevant topics is innovative. The outcomes of the proposed experiment have important public health significance because they can be used to develop targeted prevention strategies to interrupt this intergenerational cycle of risk behavior.

项目概述（摘要）育龄妇女滥用药物是一个持久的公共卫生问题，因为产前接触药物会直接改变胎儿发育的进程，并对以后的结局产生不利影响。我们的研究目的是表征产前药物暴露（PDE）对青少年神经行为结果的影响。由于与奖励和行为控制反应相关的大脑区域发育不平衡，以及社会和环境风险因素的积累，PDE的影响可能在这一发育时期尤为显著。本应用程序的目的是在行为和神经水平上确定PDE与青少年自己的冒险倾向之间的关系。我们将使用功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）来检查一组有PDE病史的青少年的大脑活动，这些青少年从出生起就被跟踪，同时他们完成了一个建立的、生态有效的、基于计算机的冒险行为评估工具。我们假设PDE将导致1)由于神经发育中断而导致与奖励通路相关的神经结构和功能的直接改变；2)通过改变神经系统的基线活动，增加对社会环境风险因素的脆弱性，以及改变个人对冒险行为的评估和参与的间接影响。这项研究的结果将推动该领域的发展，因为它带来了认知神经科学的力量和工具，以承担药物滥用和成瘾的长期影响。了解PDE如何在神经层面影响青少年的功能，对于理解行为影响至关重要，包括冒险行为和其他问题行为的发展。这些结果将产生重要的影响，因为它们将显示方案设计对发展的长期影响，并突出与环境的关系。在公共卫生相关主题中整合神经和行为测量的研究是创新的。拟议实验的结果具有重要的公共卫生意义，因为它们可用于制定有针对性的预防策略，以中断这种风险行为的代际循环。