Genes, Behavior, Psychosocial Links of Child Maltreatment to Health, Disease

儿童虐待与健康、疾病的基因、行为、心理社会联系

• 批准号: 8338888
• 负责人: Linda M Brzustowicz
• 金额: $ 42.9万
• 依托单位: JOHN JAY COLLEGE OF CRIMINAL JUSTICE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-09-30 至 2014-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8338888
• 关键词: ADRA2A gene; Acute; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Alcoholism; Anthropology; Anxiety; Behavior; Behavioral; Behavioral Genetics; Biological; Blood; Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; Buffers; Candidate Disease Gene; Child; Child Abuse; Child Abuse and Neglect; Childhood; Chronic; Cognitive; Collaborations; Criminology; Data; Decision Making; Development; Discipline; Disease; Drug abuse; Elderly; Emotional; Environment; Environmental Risk Factor; Enzymes; Ethnic Origin; Exhibits; Family; Family Study; Funding; Genes; Genetic; Genetic Markers; Genetic Variation; Genotype; Goals; Health; Health Psychology; Health behavior; Healthcare; Home environment; Impulsivity; Intervention; Interview; Lead; Life; Life Style; Link; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Measures; Medicine; Mental Depression; Mental Health; Modeling; Monoamine Oxidase A; Neurotransmitters; Outcome; Pathway interactions; Pediatrics; Performance; Persons; Physical Function; Physiological Processes; Play; Prevention; Prevention education; Preventive Intervention; Process; Psychiatry; Psychologist; Psychosocial Stress; Public Health; Race; Reporting; Research; Research Personnel; Risk; Role; Saliva; Sampling; Self-control as a personality trait; Sexual abuse; Social Class; Societies; Source; Stress; Suicide; Testing; Time; United States; Victimization; Violence; abuse neglect; allostatic load; anti social; base; child neglect; child protective service; cohort; comparison group; cost; criminal behavior; design; experience; follow-up; genetic analysis; genetic variant; high risk; innovation; interest; maltreated children; maltreatment; neglect; physical abuse; physical conditioning; prospective; psychologic; psychosocial; response; sex; social; statistics; stressor; therapy design

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): One childhood stressor - child maltreatment - represents a serious public health concern. In 2007, over 3 million children were referred to child protection service agencies for suspected maltreatment in the United States and about 794,000 were determined by state and local child protective service agencies to be victims of maltreatment (DHHS, 2009). Increasing evidence shows that childhood physical and sexual abuse and (more recently) neglect have extensive short- and long-term consequences across multiple domains, including psychiatric, social, emotional, behavioral, academic, and physical functioning, and developmental time points. The associated costs to society have been estimated at billions of dollars annually. At the same time, the negative sequelae of childhood victimization are not inevitable. While explanations for these different outcomes remain unknown, research has begun to examine factors that might buffer or protect maltreated children from negative consequences. Recent research has reported significant interactions between childhood maltreatment and genetic variation in predicting psychological and behavioral outcomes, including violence and antisocial behavior, depression, anxiety, suicidality, alcoholism, and substance use. The overarching goal of the proposed research is to test three competing models of the processes whereby child abuse and neglect lead to mental and physical health consequences in adulthood. The research proposed here represents a continuation of a longitudinal study begun in 1986 with a large group of documented cases of childhood physical and sexual abuse and neglect (ages 0-11) and a comparison group of non-abused and non-neglected children who were matched on the basis of age, sex, race/ethnicity, and approximate family social class and followed up into adulthood with four interviews. We propose to use blood and saliva samples that have already been collected as part of previous waves of the study. Our goal is to identify, genotype, and analyze genetic variants and to determine whether they play a role in the long-term physical and mental health consequences of child abuse and neglect. The proposed research will lead to increased understanding of the multiple pathways through which stressful childhood experiences (such as child neglect and abuse) lead to the development of different mental and physical health outcomes and is in keeping with President Obama's emphasis on health care education and the prevention of negative health outcomes. Determining the interplay between genetic and environmental factors that increase risk for negative physical and mental health outcomes or promote resiliency among abused and neglected children has implications for treatment and prevention efforts for these children. By determining whether a particular environment (such as an abusive or neglectful home) is particularly problematic for children with certain genes, we hope that the proposed research will provide directions for focused interventions.

描述（由申请人提供）：一个儿童期的压力源-虐待儿童-代表了一个严重的公共卫生问题。2007年，美国有300多万名儿童因涉嫌虐待被转介到儿童保护服务机构，约794 000名儿童被州和地方儿童保护服务机构确定为虐待受害者（卫生和公众服务部，2009年）。越来越多的证据表明，儿童期的身体和性虐待以及（最近的）忽视在多个领域产生了广泛的短期和长期后果，包括精神，社会，情感，行为，学术和身体功能以及发育时间点。据估计，每年给社会造成的相关费用达数十亿美元。与此同时，童年受害的负面后果并非不可避免。虽然对这些不同结果的解释仍不清楚，但研究已开始审查可能缓冲或保护受虐待儿童免受不良后果的因素。最近的研究报告了儿童虐待和遗传变异在预测心理和行为结果方面的显着相互作用，包括暴力和反社会行为，抑郁，焦虑，自杀，酗酒和物质使用。拟议研究的总体目标是测试三种相互竞争的模式，即虐待和忽视儿童导致成年后身心健康后果的过程。这里提出的研究是1986年开始的一项纵向研究的延续，该研究收集了大量有记录的儿童期身体和性虐待和忽视（0-11岁）的案例，并根据年龄、性别、种族/民族和近似的家庭社会阶层对未受虐待和未被忽视的儿童进行了比较，并进行了四次访谈。我们建议使用已经收集的血液和唾液样本作为研究的前几波的一部分。我们的目标是识别，基因分型和分析遗传变异，并确定它们是否在虐待和忽视儿童的长期身心健康后果中发挥作用。拟议的研究将导致增加对压力童年经历（如儿童忽视和虐待）导致不同身心健康结果发展的多种途径的理解，并与奥巴马总统强调的卫生保健教育和预防负面健康结果保持一致。确定遗传和环境因素之间的相互作用，增加了负面的身体和精神健康结果的风险，或促进受虐待和被忽视的儿童的弹性，对这些儿童的治疗和预防工作的影响。通过确定特定的环境（例如虐待或忽视的家庭）是否对具有某些基因的儿童特别有问题，我们希望拟议的研究将为重点干预提供方向。