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Memory Monitoring and Declarative Memory: Behavior and Brain

记忆监控和陈述性记忆：行为和大脑

基本信息

批准号：
8279096
负责人：
ROBERT R HAMPTON
金额：
$ 39.2万
依托单位：
EMORY UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2008
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2008-07-07 至 2014-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8279096
关键词：
Adaptive Behaviors Address Affect Age-associated memory impairment Alzheimer&apos s Disease Amnesia Animal Model Animals Appointment Attention Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Autistic Disorder Behavior Behavioral Behavioral Paradigm Biological Biological Models Brain Brain Diseases Brain Injuries Choice Behavior Cognition Cognitive Complex Conscious Decision Making Dementia Detection Development Diagnosis Disease Dissociation Environment Equipment Familiarity Foundations Future Genetic Goals Health Hippocampus (Brain)Human Image Impaired cognition Impulse Control Disorders Investigation Learning Lesion Letters Literature Location Measures Medial Memory Memory Loss Methodology Methods Modeling Monitor Monkeys Neostriatum Neurobiology Operative Surgical Procedures Performance Persons Physiology Play Primates Procedures Process Psychological reinforcement Qualifying Recording of previous events Reporting Research Research Design Resources Role Sampling Sampling Studies Stroke Structure System Systems Theory Techniques Temporal Lobe Testing Thinking Time Training Unconscious State Ventral Striatum Work base behavior test cognitive function cognitive neuroscience design forgetting improved innovation memory recognition neurochemistry neuroimaging novel strategies relating to nervous system success therapy development tool visual memory

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The human ability to consciously monitor the contents of memory has not been accessible to study in animal models. Memories that are accessible to monitoring are often called explicit or declarative. In contrast implicit or unconscious memories cannot be subjectively monitored, but are still evident in behavior. For example, a person who may not be able to verbally report the locations of the letters on a keyboard may nonetheless type accurately and rapidly without looking at the keys. The ability to monitor memory is a form of metacognition, which is impaired in autism, age-related cognitive decline, and attention and impulse control disorders such as ADHD. Loss of memory from stroke, Alzheimer?s disease, and other brain insults severely impairs higher cognitive processes including learning, planning, and adaptive decision-making. Animal models are needed to identify the specific brain structures involved in memory monitoring so that we can develop improved treatments for cognitive impairment in humans. In addressing these problems, the main challenge in the use of animal models is that animals cannot provide the verbal reports often used to identify memory monitoring in humans. To overcome this obstacle, we will implement new behavioral paradigms in which a ?decline test? option allows subjects to select which memory tests to take and which to avoid. Accurate memory monitoring is operationally defined as choosing to take tests when the item is remembered and avoiding tests when it is not remembered, thus providing a model of this crucial human capacity. The proposed work is the first to combine memory monitoring paradigms in an animal model with neuroanatomical techniques that will identify the neural basis of memories that are subject to monitoring. Because monitored and unmonitored memory operate simultaneously to produce adaptive behavior, the proposed studies are designed to determine how these memory types work together. Methodology called Process Dissociation Procedure is designed to quantify the simultaneous action of multiple memory systems and will be adapted from the human cognitive literature for use in the present project. I will use these new behavioral techniques to achieve three specific aims: 1) quantify the independent contributions of monitored and unmonitored memories to performance in memory tests, 2) determine whether monitored and unmonitored memories are neuroanatomically distinct, and 3) test the dual process/dual system theory of recognition memory performance. Development of this animal model system will advance work on the physiology, neurochemistry, and genetics of cognition and will contribute to the treatment of diseases affecting higher cognitive function. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: This research is relevant to human health because it promises substantial progress in the study of memory in an important animal model of human cognition. Memory monitoring targets the type of memory most often compromised in stroke, Alzheimer's disease, and other brain insults affecting higher cognitive function. Development of this model system will permit further work on the physiology, neurochemistry, and genetics of memory that will contribute to the treatment of these devastating human conditions.

描述（由申请人提供）：人类有意识地监测记忆内容的能力尚无法在动物模型中进行研究。可以被监控的记忆通常被称为外显记忆或陈述记忆。相反，内隐记忆或无意识记忆不能被主观监测，但在行为中仍然很明显。例如，一个人可能无法口头报告键盘上字母的位置，但他可以在不看键的情况下准确快速地打字。监控记忆的能力是元认知的一种形式，在自闭症、与年龄相关的认知衰退以及注意力和冲动控制障碍（如ADHD）中受损。中风导致的失忆，老年痴呆？的疾病和其他大脑损伤严重损害了高级认知过程，包括学习、规划和适应性决策。需要动物模型来识别参与记忆监测的特定大脑结构，以便我们能够开发出更好的人类认知障碍治疗方法。在解决这些问题时，使用动物模型的主要挑战是动物不能提供通常用于识别人类记忆监测的口头报告。为了克服这一障碍，我们将实施新的行为模式，其中？下降测试？选项允许受试者选择参加哪些记忆测试以及避免哪些测试。准确的记忆监测在操作上被定义为选择在记住项目时进行测试，而在不记得项目时避免测试，从而提供了这一关键人类能力的模型。这项拟议中的工作是第一个将联合收割机记忆监测范式与神经解剖学技术相结合的动物模型，该技术将识别受监测的记忆的神经基础。由于监控和非监控记忆同时产生适应性行为，因此建议的研究旨在确定这些记忆类型如何共同工作。被称为过程分离程序的方法被设计用于量化多个记忆系统的同时动作，并将从人类认知文献中改编用于本项目。我将使用这些新的行为技术来实现三个特定的目标：1）量化监控和未监控的记忆对记忆测试中表现的独立贡献，2）确定监控和未监控的记忆是否在神经解剖学上不同，3）测试识别记忆表现的双过程/双系统理论。这种动物模型系统的开发将推进认知的生理学、神经化学和遗传学方面的工作，并将有助于治疗影响高级认知功能的疾病。公共卫生关系：这项研究与人类健康有关，因为它有望在人类认知的重要动物模型中研究记忆方面取得实质性进展。记忆监测针对的是中风、阿尔茨海默病和其他影响高级认知功能的大脑损伤中最常受损的记忆类型。该模型系统的开发将允许进一步研究记忆的生理学、神经化学和遗传学，这将有助于治疗这些毁灭性的人类疾病。