Impact of the Food Environment on Child Body Mass Index - Resubmission - 1

食品环境对儿童体重指数的影响 - 重新提交 - 1

• 批准号: 8632060
• 负责人: Brian Elbel
• 金额: $ 70.89万
• 依托单位: NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-20 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8632060
• 关键词: Address; African American; Area; Behavior; Body mass index; Buffers; Censuses; Cereals; Characteristics; Child; Cities; Communities; Consumption; Data; Data Set; Diet; Disadvantaged; Education; Environment; Epidemic; Etiology; Failure; Family Characteristics; Food; Funding; Geographic Locations; Health Food; Health Policy; Home environment; Household; Income; Influentials; Intervention; Knowledge; Label; Life; Literature; Location; Low income; Measurement; Measures; Methodology; Minority; Modeling; Neighborhoods; New York City; Obesity; Outcome; Pattern; Population; Population Characteristics; Public Health; Public Policy; Relative (related person); Research; Research Personnel; Resources; Respondent; Role; Schools; Source; Spatial Distribution; Students; Supermarket; System; Techniques; Time; United States; United States National Institutes of Health; Variant; Walking; Work; experience; fast food; financial incentive; food environment; food resource; foot; innovation; interest; multidisciplinary; obesity in children; public health relevance; response; skills; statistics; success

Project Summary The last several years have witnessed growing interest in the potential contribution of the "food environment" to the epidemic increase in obesity rates in the United States. Early empirical evidence suggests that there is significant variation across geographic areas in the availability of different kinds of foods. More economically and socially disadvantaged communities have poorer food environments, with healthy food less available and unhealthy food more available in those communities. There appears to be growing evidence that characteristics of the food environment are associated with dietary behaviors and outcomes, but there are still many unanswered questions in this area. In large part we don't yet know exactly which characteristics of the food environment are most influential, how influential they are, in which geospatial environments, and for which populations. Yet public policy is proceeding apace in this area, with calorie labeling, restrictive fast food zoning, financial incentives for supermarkets in underserved neighborhoods, "healthy bodega" initiatives, and other regulatory levers already implemented in many communities. Further research in this area is thus required. We propose to combine New York City Department of Education FITNESSGRAMdata, which includes BMI, school and residential locations, for all New York City public school children from 2005 onward with detailed data on the food environment surrounding each child's home and school. Then, we will use a variety of enhanced methodological techniques to estimate the true relationship between food environment and obesity. The methodological enhancements we utilize over past work are: ¿ A large, detailed dataset, including data on over 1 million NYC public school children. ¿ Examining longitudinally the same children over time, examining what happens to BMI as healthy and less healthy food stores open and close. (Child fixed effects) ¿ Examining fine-grained differences in food resources, even within the same Census tract. For example, the relative influence of living within 500 feet, or two city blocks, versus farther than that. (Census tract fixed effects) ¿ Data on both the home and school food environment, modeled together. With these changes, we will be able to provide unbiased estimates on the influence of the food environmental on child BMI, substantially answering key health and policy-related questions.

项目摘要 在过去几年中，人们对联合国系统的潜在贡献越来越感兴趣。 “食品环境”的流行增加肥胖率在美国。早期经验主义 有证据表明，在不同的地理区域， 不同种类的食物。在经济和社会上处于不利地位的社区， 食品环境，健康食品较少，不健康食品较多 社区.越来越多的证据表明，食品环境的特征 与饮食行为和结果有关，但在这方面仍有许多未解之谜。 这方面在很大程度上，我们还不知道食品环境的哪些特征是 最具影响力，影响力如何，在哪些地理空间环境中，以及 人口。然而，公共政策在这一领域正在迅速推进，卡路里标签，限制性快速 食品分区，在服务不足的社区为超市提供财政激励，“健康博德加” 倡议和其他监管杠杆已经在许多社区实施。进一步研究 因此，在这方面需要。 我们建议将联合收割机纽约市教育部FITNESSGRAMdata， 包括BMI、学校和住宅地点，适用于所有纽约市公立学校的儿童， 从2005年起，每个孩子的家庭周围的食物环境的详细数据， 学校然后，我们将使用各种增强的方法技术来估计真实的 食物环境与肥胖的关系。我们使用的方法改进 过去的工作是： 这是一个庞大而详细的数据集，包括超过100万纽约公立学校儿童的数据。 随着时间的推移，纵向检查相同的儿童，检查BMI发生了什么变化 健康食品店和不健康食品店开了又关（儿童固定效应） 检查食物资源的细微差异，即使在同一人口普查区域内。 例如，居住在500英尺或两个城市街区内的相对影响， 更远的地方（人口普查区固定效应） 关于家庭和学校食品环境的数据，一起建模。 有了这些变化，我们将能够对食物的影响提供无偏估计 环境对儿童BMI的影响，实质性地回答了关键的健康和政策相关问题。