Role of Experience in Development of Cognitive Control and Frontal Cortex

经验在认知控制和额叶皮层发育中的作用

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    8544500
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 39万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2012-09-12 至 2017-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Development is charactarized by increasing flexibility in thought and action, enabeling the generalization of rules from item-specific instances to abstract classes of rules that support flexible behavior and can be generalized to novel situations. We capitalized on an established paradigm that has been effective in charactarizing this skill in adults in behavioral and fMRI experiments, and also in patients with frontal damage. This work has shown that increasing complexity in rule-guided action recruites the frontal cortex along a rostro- caudal axis. We hypothesize here that the functional development of the frontal cortex, from middle childhood to adulthood, and associated behavioral performance will follow the same pattern. Specifically, we predict that mature behavior in simple rule tasks will be evident earlier in development than more complex tasks and that this will be associated with functional effiency at the level of the frontal cortex in caudal prior to rostral regions. Using th extant literature, we predict that this functional development is a reflection of increases in the stability of cortical coding of rule-relevant representations. We test this hypothesis using multi-voxel pattern classification algorithms designed to decode the stability of rule-relevant representations across development. Moreover, we test the prediction that representational stability is dependent on experience. Portions of the frontal cortex have an especially protracted developmental course and have been shown to be susceptible to both positive and negative environmental experiences. Rather than use age as a proxy for experience, we turn to socioeconomic status (SES), which has been shown to be a predictor of cognitive control development. Availability of items, interactions, and experiences in high relative to low SES families may prove relevant for experience-based changes in representational stability at the level of the frontal cortex. Moreover, variability among experiences is necessarily more relevant for the development of abstract rather than concrete rule representations, indicating that the impact of SES differences may be evident specific to the development of abstract rule structures. We will examine the specific contribution of SES, as a proxy for enriching experiences, to the development of rule-guided action in both behavioral and neuroimaging experiments. RELEVANCE Item-specific concreteness and perseveration are ubiquitous in developmental disorders including Autism, ADHD, and OCD. We propose to characterize development of rule use at varying levels of abstraction, allowing for novel specificity in understanding the deveopmental course of these skills. Uncovering a specific relationship with experience-based factors (SES) in this development has the added potential of defining variables that confer risk specific to cognitive flexibility and will inform social and educational policy moving forward.
描述(由申请人提供):开发的特点是增加思想和行动的灵活性,使规则从特定项目实例推广到支持灵活行为并可以推广到新情况的抽象规则类。我们利用了一个既定的范例,该范例在行为和功能磁共振成像实验中有效地描述了成年人以及额叶损伤患者的这种技能。这项工作表明,规则引导行动的复杂性不断增加,会沿着头尾轴募集额叶皮层。我们在这里假设,从童年中期到成年,额叶皮层的功能发育以及相关的行为表现将遵循相同的模式。具体来说,我们预测简单规则任务中的成熟行为将比更复杂的任务在开发过程中更早显现出来,并且这将与喙区之前尾部的额叶皮层水平的功能效率相关。利用现有文献,我们预测这种功能发展反映了规则相关表征的皮质编码稳定性的增加。我们使用多体素模式分类算法来测试这一假设,该算法旨在解码整个开发过程中规则相关表示的稳定性。此外,我们测试了表征稳定性依赖于经验的预测。额叶皮层的某些部分具有特别漫长的发育过程,并且已被证明对积极和消极的环境经历都很敏感。我们不再使用年龄作为经验的代表,而是转向社会经济地位(SES),它已被证明是认知控制发展的预测因素。高SES家庭相对于低SES家庭的物品、互动和经验的可用性可能与额叶皮层水平表征稳定性的基于经验的变化相关。此外,经验之间的可变性必然与抽象而非具体规则表示的发展更相关,这表明SES差异的影响对于抽象规则结构的发展可能是明显的。我们将研究 SES 作为丰富经验的代理对行为和神经影像实验中规则引导行动的发展的具体贡献。相关性 在自闭症、多动症和强迫症等发育障碍中,特定项目的具体性和坚持是普遍存在的。我们建议在不同的抽象层次上描述规则使用的发展,从而在理解这些技能的发展过程中提供新颖的特异性。在此发展中揭示与基于经验的因素(SES)的特定关系具有定义变量的额外潜力,这些变量赋予认知灵活性特定的风险,并将为社会和教育提供信息 政策不断向前推进。

项目成果

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DIMA AMSO其他文献

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{{ truncateString('DIMA AMSO', 18)}}的其他基金

Project 3: Developmental trajectories in infants at genetic risk for autism
项目 3:具有自闭症遗传风险的婴儿的发育轨迹
  • 批准号:
    10698091
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 39万
  • 项目类别:
1/5 The Cumulative Risk of Substance Exposure and Early Life Adversity on Child Health Development and Outcomes
1/5 物质暴露和早年不幸对儿童健康发展和结果的累积风险
  • 批准号:
    10194823
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 39万
  • 项目类别:
Role of Experience in Development of Cognitive Control and Frontal Cortex
经验在认知控制和额叶皮层发育中的作用
  • 批准号:
    8421554
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 39万
  • 项目类别:
Role of Experience in Development of Cognitive Control and Frontal Cortex
经验在认知控制和额叶皮层发育中的作用
  • 批准号:
    8869037
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 39万
  • 项目类别:
Development of Neural Systems Underlying Learning and Response to Novelty
学习和新奇反应背后的神经系统的发展
  • 批准号:
    8005538
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 39万
  • 项目类别:
Development of Neural Systems Underlying Learning and Response to Novelty
学习和新奇反应背后的神经系统的发展
  • 批准号:
    7385469
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 39万
  • 项目类别:
Development of Neural Systems Underlying Learning and Response to Novelty
学习和新奇反应背后的神经系统的发展
  • 批准号:
    8197015
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 39万
  • 项目类别:
Development of Neural Systems Underlying Learning and Response to Novelty
学习和新奇反应背后的神经系统的发展
  • 批准号:
    7555368
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 39万
  • 项目类别:
Development of Neural Systems Underlying Learning and Response to Novelty
学习和新奇反应背后的神经系统的发展
  • 批准号:
    7749953
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 39万
  • 项目类别:
Development of Neural Systems Underlying Learning and Response to Novelty
学习和新奇反应背后的神经系统的发展
  • 批准号:
    8116071
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 39万
  • 项目类别:

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