Structures of RNA processing and Silencing Enzymes in Prokaryotes
原核生物中 RNA 加工和沉默酶的结构
基本信息
- 批准号:8461958
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 26.03万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:
- 财政年份:2012
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2012-05-01 至 2016-02-29
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:Adenylate CyclaseAntibiotic ResistanceAntimicrobial ResistanceArchaeaArchaeal GenomeBacteriaBacteriophagesBerylliumBindingBiochemicalBiogenesisCatalytic DomainCleaved cellClostridium tetaniComplexDNADataDiagnosticDockingElementsEnvironmentEnzymesEpidemicEpidemiologic StudiesEquilibriumFamilyFutureGenesGenetic MaterialsHaemophilus influenzaeHelicobacter pyloriHumanImmunityIndividualInfectionInvadedLaboratoriesLearningMaintenanceMediatingMemoryMeningitisMicrobeMolecularMolecular BiologyMycobacterium tuberculosisNatureNeisseriaNucleic AcidsObstructionPathogen detectionPathway interactionsPatternPlasmidsPolymerasePredatory BehaviorProcessProductionProkaryotic CellsPropertyProteinsRNARNA InterferenceRNA ProcessingResolutionRibonucleoproteinsRoleSalmonella typhiSiteSmall RNASpecificityStaphylococcus aureusStructureSystemVibrio vulnificusViralWorkYersinia pestisadaptive immunitybasecombatdesignendonucleasegenetic elementhuman BCAR1 proteininsightmicrobialnovelparticlepathogenreconstitutionresearch studythree dimensional structurethree-dimensional modelingvirus host interaction
项目摘要
DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Like eukarya, bacteria and archaea have evolved a variety of defense systems to protect themselves from selfish genetic elements (phages, transposons, and plasmids). On the other hand, successfully disseminated mobile elements can benefit the bacterial hosts, for instance, by introducing antibiotics resistant genes. Understanding the defense systems, therefore, not only offers insights on prokaryotic molecular biology principles but may also provide new strategies to defend the antibiotics resistance epidemics. Recently, a novel widespread defense system that functions on a completely different principle than those previously known was discovered. The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPRs) are found in 40% of bacterial and 90% of archaeal genomes that confers a small RNA-based prokaryotic immunity system. In this remarkable process, DNA short sequences capturing the memories of past infection are transcribed and processed into small RNA molecules that then pattern with proteins to silence the new invader nucleic acids. This proposal will investigate the molecular mechanisms of two currently identified CRISPR machineries, that for production of the CRISPR RNAs and that for silencing invading RNA. Experimental aims are designed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the structural and functional properties of the processing endonuclease and the RNA silencing complex. Relevance: The CRISPR elements of bacteria and archaea provide an important vehicle for maintaining a balance in microbial environments through exchange and destruction of genetic materials. CRISPR elements are found in medically important bacteria that include but not limited to Yersinia pestis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Haemophilus influenzae, Helicobacter pylori, Neisseria meningitides, Vibrio vulnificus, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella Typhi and Clostridium tetani. A thorough understanding of the CRISPR immunity has important implications in studies of bacterial pathogen spread, antimicrobial resistance, and host-virus interactions. The proposed molecular mechanisms of this novel pathway may be exploited for building specific immunity against undesirable genetic elements such as those spreading antibiotics resistance genes.
描述(由申请人提供):与真核生物一样,细菌和古生菌也进化出了多种防御系统,以保护自己免受自私遗传元件(DNA、转座子和质粒)的侵害。另一方面,成功传播的移动的元素可以有益于细菌宿主,例如,通过引入抗生素抗性基因。因此,了解防御系统,不仅提供了原核分子生物学原理的见解,但也可能提供新的策略,以防御抗生素耐药性流行病。最近,人们发现了一种新的广泛的防御系统,其功能原理与以前已知的完全不同。在40%的细菌和90%的古细菌基因组中发现了规则间隔短回文重复序列(CRISPR),它们赋予了基于小RNA的原核免疫系统。在这个非凡的过程中,捕捉过去感染记忆的DNA短序列被转录并加工成小RNA分子,然后与蛋白质一起沉默新的入侵核酸。该提案将研究目前确定的两种CRISPR机制的分子机制,即用于产生CRISPR RNA和沉默入侵RNA的机制。实验的目的是提供一个全面的理解的结构和功能特性的加工核酸内切酶和RNA沉默复合物。相关性:细菌和古细菌的CRISPR元件通过交换和破坏遗传物质,为维持微生物环境的平衡提供了重要的载体。CRISPR元件存在于医学上重要的细菌中,包括但不限于鼠疫耶尔森氏菌、结核分枝杆菌、流感嗜血杆菌、幽门螺杆菌、脑膜炎奈瑟氏菌、创伤弧菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、伤寒沙门氏菌和破伤风梭菌。对CRISPR免疫的深入了解对细菌病原体传播、抗菌素耐药性和宿主-病毒相互作用的研究具有重要意义。提出的这种新途径的分子机制可用于建立针对不需要的遗传元件的特异性免疫,例如那些传播抗生素抗性基因的遗传元件。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
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Low temperature methane steam reforming for SOFC
SOFC 低温甲烷蒸汽重整
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2015-06 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Zhongchao Dong;Chunwen Sun;Hong Li;Liquan Chen - 通讯作者:
Liquan Chen
Hong Li的其他文献
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In utero rescue of cleft lip and palate in a humanized mouse model
人源化小鼠模型中唇裂和腭裂的子宫内抢救
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10645829 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 26.03万 - 项目类别:
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10432118 - 财政年份:2021
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Transcriptional Regulatory Networks of Craniofacial Development
颅面发育的转录调控网络
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10633187 - 财政年份:2021
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Transcriptional Regulatory Networks of Craniofacial Development
颅面发育的转录调控网络
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10284443 - 财政年份:2021
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Structural Biology Studies of Ribosome Biogenesis Network
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10389719 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 26.03万 - 项目类别:
Structural Biology Studies of Ribosome Biogenesis Network
核糖体生物发生网络的结构生物学研究
- 批准号:
10249225 - 财政年份:2018
- 资助金额:
$ 26.03万 - 项目类别:
Structures of RNA Processing and Silencing Enzymes in Prokaryotes
原核生物中 RNA 加工和沉默酶的结构
- 批准号:
9247630 - 财政年份:2012
- 资助金额:
$ 26.03万 - 项目类别:
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