Attentional Mechanisms in Multisensory Environments

多感官环境中的注意机制

• 批准号: 8536391
• 负责人: Marty G. Woldorff
• 金额: $ 32.8万
• 依托单位: DUKE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2006
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2006-01-01 至 2017-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8536391
• 关键词: Adverse effects; Alzheimer' s Disease; Attention; Attention Deficit Disorder; Auditory; Autistic Disorder; Automobile Driving; Behavioral; Brain; Brain Concussion; Brain Diseases; Brain region; Cognitive; Complex; Conflict (Psychology); Coupling; Cues; Data; Detection; Electroencephalography; Environment; Event-Related Potentials; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Goals; Grant; Hemispatial Neglect; Impairment; Individual; Investigation; Knowledge; Life; Link; Location; Measures; Memory; Mental disorders; Modality; Neuroanatomy; Pattern; Process; Reporting; Research; Resolution; Rewards; Sensory; Sensory Process; Signal Transduction; Stimulus; Stroke; Study Subject; System; Task Performances; Testing; Time; Traumatic Brain Injury; Vision; Visual; Visual attention; Visual evoked cortical potential; Work; analog; behavior measurement; cognitive control; cognitive function; coping; design; distraction; effective therapy; expectation; improved; member; multisensory; nervous system disorder; neural model; neuromechanism; novel; rapid detection; relating to nervous system; research study; response; segregation; sound; stimulus processing; visual search

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We live in a multisensory world, which requires us to continually, dynamically, and effectively process stimuli from across the sensory modalities. To do so successfully, we need to integrate corresponding unisensory stimulus components together to perceive coherent multisensory objects, while also appropriately segregating out concurrent non-corresponding stimuli. In the next period of this grant, we propose a new set of studies to continue our programmatic investigation of the mechanisms by which attention and related cognitive factors facilitate effective functioning in complex multisensory environments. In particular, we will investigate three fundamental facets of these mechanisms. First, we will study the influence of the top-down cognitive factors of spatial attention and reward prospect on multisensory (auditory/visual) integration and segregation processes. Second, we will examine the commonality across the auditory and visual modalities of the mechanisms underlying rapid attentional target-search processes in complex stimulus environments, including the cross- modality coupling of such attentional processes. Third, we will investigate the multisensory integration and segregation processes when input from one particular modality is relevant, but there is conflicting concurrent input from a second modality; we will also compare these crossmodal processes to those invoked in response to conflicting input from within the same modality. As before, we will use a combination of behavioral measures, oscillatory electroencephalography (EEG), event-related potentials (ERPs), and functional MRI (fMRI) to perform these studies, with the aim to delineate the timing, sequence, and location of underlying neural processes. Additionally, we will acquire EEG and fMRI measures of brain activity simultaneously for several of the proposed experiments using our new MR- compatible EEG system purchased via a supplement from this project. Such an approach will enable us to perform trial-to-trial covariational analyses on the EEG and fMRI data patterns, providing powerful new ways to link the high-temporal-resolution EEG signals to the associated cortical generators measured in the fMRI. Moreover, the simultaneous recording will also allow us to examine the modulating influence on the cortical EEG of the subcortical brain regions involved in attention, reward, and multisensory integration but whose influence cannot be assessed with EEG alone. Thus, these experiments will delineate with unprecedented precision the neural mechanisms by which attention and related cognitive functions enable successful navigation of our complex multisensory world.

描述（由申请人提供）：我们生活在一个多感官的世界，这需要我们持续地、动态地、有效地处理来自各个感官模式的刺激。为了成功地做到这一点，我们需要将相应的非感觉刺激成分整合在一起，以感知连贯的多感觉物体，同时适当地分离出并发的非对应刺激。在这项资助的下一个阶段，我们提出了一套新的研究，以继续我们对注意力和相关认知因素在复杂的多感官环境中促进有效功能的机制的程序化调查。在