Health Impact of Deepwater Horizon Spill in Eastern Gulf Coast Communities

2010年4月20日，深水地平线石油平台爆炸，估计泄漏了490万人 石油流入墨西哥湾，抵达佛罗里达州超过950英里的墨西哥湾海岸线， 阿拉巴马州、路易斯安那州和德克萨斯州。随着该地区在成功封顶油井后继续前进，至关重要 关于漏油对墨西哥湾沿岸个人和社区的健康影响的问题仍然存在 海岸。在佛罗里达大学(UF)进行的初步社区研究中，有证据表明 整个海岸线上普遍存在的社区混乱和心理社会问题，包括一些地区 只有很少或根本没有石油侵入。我们的发现强调了进一步、持续的 在该地区进行的基于社区的研究，不仅着眼于石油可能对健康的长期影响 以及漏油事件对人们长期身心健康的影响 生活在这些社区里。 为了解决这些问题，我们成立了一个由社区和学术组织组成的联盟(The 后者包括密歇根大学、西佛罗里达大学和南阿拉巴马大学)。工作重点将放在 佛罗里达和阿拉巴马州墨西哥湾海岸，从佛罗里达州的锡达基开始，向西移动，提供了 暴露在深水地平线的石油中。财团的目标包括： 1.监测漏油事件对个人的心理影响，并找出预测因素 环境创伤后的有利调整(项目1)； 2.开展基于社区的社会脆弱性和复原力评估(项目2)； 3.评估持续/长期接触碳氢化合物的可能来源，如海鲜(项目3)；以及 4.与社会各界保持对话，并向公众提供与上述研究有关的主要研究结果 与社区合作，协助恢复进程(外联和传播核心)。

The Deepwater Horizon oil platform exploded on April 20, 2010, with an estimated release of 4.9 million barrels of oil into the Gulf of Mexico, reaching more than 950 miles of the gulf coast shoreline in Florida, Alabama, Louisiana and Texas. As the region moves forward after successful capping ofthe well, critical questions remain about the health impact ofthe oil spill on individuals and communities along the Gulf Coast. In preliminary community-based studies conducted by University of Florida (UF), there was evidence of widespread community disruption and psychosocial problems along the entire coastline, including areas which had minimal or no actual oil intrusion. Our findings emphasize the need for further, ongoing community-based research in this region, looking not only at possible long-term health effects from the oil itself, but also the impact of the spill event on the long-term physical and psychological health of persons living in these communities. To address these concerns, we have formed a consortium of community and academic organizations (the latter including UF, University of West Florida, and University of South Alabama). Work will focus on the Florida and Alabama Gulf Coasts, beginning at Cedar Key, FL, and moving west, providing a gradient of exposure to oil from Deepwater Horizon. Consortium objectives include the following: 1. To monitor the psychological impact of the spill event on individuals across time, and identify predictors of favorable adjustment after environmental trauma (Project 1); 2. To conduct a community-based assessment of social vulnerability and resiliency (Project 2); 3. To evaluate possible sources of ongoing/chronic hydrocarbon exposure, such as seafood (Project 3); and 4. To maintain dialog with the community, and provide key findings related to the above studies back to the community, to assist in the recovery process (Outreach and Dissemination Core).