Cross-reactivity of SARS-CoV-2 with coronaviruses isolated from humans in Haiti

SARS-CoV-2 与从海地人类中分离出的冠状病毒的交叉反应

• 批准号: 10435570
• 负责人: John Glenn Morris
• 金额: $ 19.06万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-06-21 至 2024-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/10435570
• 关键词: 2019-nCoV; Africa; Age; Animals; Antibodies; Blood; Blood specimen; COVID-19; Case Study; Cellular Immunity; Cessation of life; Clinical; Cohort Studies; Collaborations; Coronavirus; Country; Developed Countries; Development; Disease; Dominican Republic; Elements; Exposure to; Fever; Funding; Genetic; Geographic Locations; Haiti; Haitian; Hospitals; Human; Humoral Immunities; Immunity; Individual; Infection; Kaposi Sarcoma; Laboratories; Morbidity - disease rate; Morphologic artifacts; Opportunistic Infections; Outcome; Persons; Population; Public Health; Recovery; Reporting; Research; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; SARS-CoV-2 antibody; SARS-CoV-2 immunity; SARS-CoV-2 infection; Sampling; Serum; Severities; Severity of illness; Structure; T-Cell Activation; Testing; Time; United States National Institutes of Health; Viral; Virus; Vital Statistics; Woman; Zoonoses; animal coronavirus; cohort; coronavirus disease; cross reactivity; human coronavirus; mortality; neutralizing antibody; novel coronavirus; pandemic disease; population based; post-COVID-19; screening

Project Summary/Abstract In many parts of the world, including most developed countries, COVID19 has had a major impact on morbidity and mortality, with over 35 million cases and over 1 million deaths reported to WHO at the time of submission of this proposal. However, there are also observations suggesting that severe disease and death have occurred less frequently in certain countries and regions, including, in particular, parts of Africa. While this perceived decrease in severity of illness may simply be a reporting artifact, it has been suggested that this decrease in severity is due to pre-existing immunity within these populations, based on prior exposure to viruses which cross-react with SARS-CoV-2. The first COVID19 case was identified in Haiti on March 19, 2020. New cases peaked during the first week of June, with a gradual decline to almost none by September; as of the beginning of October, Haiti has reported a total of 8,792 confirmed infections and 229 COVID-related deaths. It is likely that the number of reported cases in Haiti grossly underestimates the actual number of infections, due to limitations in laboratory testing capacity. Support for a much higher actual case number comes from clinical observations, and a reported test positivity rate of >80% among samples from symptomatic individuals. However, the onslaught of severe cases and deaths which was expected to follow the case peak has not occurred, raising the possibility of some level of pre-existing immunity in this population. Our research group has been engaged in NIH-supported virus discovery studies in Haiti for the past 5 years. We have isolated and sequenced multiple coronaviruses from human blood samples, including human endemic coronaviruses and two previously undescribed coronaviruses that may have a zoonotic origin. We hypothesize that the decrease in severity of illness associated with SARS-CoV-2 in Haiti is a function of cross- reactivity to one or more viruses circulating in Haiti, including, possibly, these coronaviruses. In this exploratory R21 we will make use of pre- and post-COVID blood samples from an existing cohort of Haitian women and from U.S. controls to look for evidence of prior immunity to SARS-CoV-2 and cross-reactivity to the coronaviruses which we have identified. Specific Aims include: Specific Aim 1: Screening of pre-COVID serum samples from a cohort of Haitian women and U.S. controls for the presence of neutralizing antibody to SARS-CoV-2 and Haitian coronaviruses; Specific Aim 2: Screening for cross-reacting antibodies directed against Haitian coronaviruses among women infected with SARS-CoV-2; and Specific Aim 3: Screening for T-cell activation directed against Haitian coronaviruses isolated from humans.

项目总结/文摘

项目成果

Isolation of a Novel Recombinant Canine Coronavirus From a Visitor to Haiti: Further Evidence of Transmission of Coronaviruses of Zoonotic Origin to Humans.

• DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciab924
• 发表时间: 2022-08-24
• 期刊: Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

Independent infections of porcine deltacoronavirus among Haitian children.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04111-z
• 发表时间: 2021-12
• 期刊: Nature
• 影响因子: 64.8
• 作者: Lednicky JA;Tagliamonte MS;White SK;Elbadry MA;Alam MM;Stephenson CJ;Bonny TS;Loeb JC;Telisma T;Chavannes S;Ostrov DA;Mavian C;Beau De Rochars VM;Salemi M;Morris JG Jr
• 通讯作者: Morris JG Jr

SARS-CoV-2 infections in infants in Haiti 2020-2021; evidence from a seroepidemiological cohort.

海地2020-2021婴儿的SARS-COV-2感染；来自血清ePIDEMIologic Stole的证据。

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273482
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: PloS one
• 影响因子: 3.7