Influence of Core Stability on Running Mechanics in Novice Runners

描述（由申请人提供）：增强的核心稳定性，定义为“扰动后保持或恢复躯干（和骨盆）平衡位置（或轨迹）的能力”，已被吹捧为在许多运动中改善损伤预防;然而，这种因果关系尚未在新手跑步者中进行严格测试，这是一个经常受到损伤困扰的群体。在美国，数百万人通过跑步来对抗肥胖并保持健康的生活方式，但髌股疼痛（PFP）和髂胫束综合征（ITBS）等损伤往往迫使许多跑步者一起退出活动。研究只集中在网站上 受伤（膝盖、脚等）在伤害的发生率上几乎没有什么变化。此外，本发明还提供了一种方法， 大约一半的身体质量存在于上半身，并且对该质量的控制将影响由下肢接收的力。缺乏对躯干和骨盆在跑步中所起作用的理解是建立预防跑步损伤范例的关键障碍。我们的总体假设是核心稳定性的丧失增加了下肢的力和力矩，这是已知的增加了跑步者PFP和ITBS的风险。在本建议中，我们将通过以下方式测试核心稳定性在跑步新手中的作用：（1） 制定一个训练期内核心稳定性击倒方案，该方案将躯干和髋部运动的控制能力降低25%，而不会使下肢肌肉疲劳，以及（2）确定由于目标1中制定的核心肌肉击倒方案，在跑步过程中发生的膝关节和髋部的PFP和ITBS相关负荷的变化。目前，研究跑步损伤的一个主要限制是依赖于长期的、多项vsit研究，这些研究经常受到高脱落率的阻碍。为了完成这项研究，我们将开发一种新的会话内核心肌肉锻炼协议，以减少，或“击倒”，核心稳定性。然后，在25名新手跑步者中，在该方案之前和之后评估跑步生物力学，以确定与PFP和ITBS相关的膝关节和踝关节负荷如何受到核心稳定性损失的影响。该项目的创新之处在于将现有的测量核心稳定性和下肢生物力学的方法应用和扩展到一个新的应用：研究核心稳定性影响下肢损伤风险的生物力学预测因子的机制。此外，我们将开发一种新的核心肌肉敲除方案来建立这种机制。最后，该应用程序为长期研究奠定了基础，以比较预防跑步相关伤害的干预措施的有效性。该项目的结果将大大有助于表征核心稳定性丧失如何导致跑步损伤，并且这项工作中将开发的新技术可能有助于未来的生物力学研究。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Enhanced core stability, defined as "the ability to maintain or resume an equilibrium position (or trajectory) of the trunk (and pelvis) after perturbation", has been touted to improve injury-prevention in many sports; however, this causal relationship has not been critically tested in novice runners, a group often plagued by injuries. Running has been employed by millions of people in the US to battle obesity and maintain a healthy lifestyle, yet injuries such as patellofemoral pain (PFP) and iliotibial band syndrome (ITBS) often force many runners to quit the activity all together. Studies focused only on the site of injury (knee, foot, etc.) have yielded little change in the prevalence of injuries. In addition, approximately half of the body's mass resides in the upper body, and control of this mass will impact the forces received by the lower extremities. The lack of understanding of the role that the torso and pelvis play in running represents a critical barrier to progress in the creation of paradigms to prevent running injuries. Our global hypothesis is loss of core stability increases the forces and moments in the lower extremities that are known to increase the risk of PFP and ITBS in runners. In this proposal, we will test the role of core stability in novice runners by (1) developing a within session core stability knockdown protocol that reduces the ability to control movement of the torso and hips by 25% without fatiguing the muscles of the lower extremity, and (2) identifying the changes in PFP- and ITBS-relevant loading at the knee and hip during running that occur due to the core muscle knockdown protocol developed in Aim 1. Currently, a major limitation of studies investigating running injuries is the reliance on long-term, multiple vsit studies that are often hampered by high drop-out rates. To accomplish this research, we will develop a novel within-session core muscle exercise protocol to reduce, or "knock down", core stability. Running biomechanics will then be evaluated before and after this protocol in 25 novice runners to determine how knee and ankle loads associated with PFP and ITBS are influenced by a loss of core stability. The innovation of this project is in the application and expansion of existing methodologies in measuring core stability and lower extremity biomechanics to a novel application: investigating the mechanism by which core stability influences biomechanical predictors of lower extremity injury risk. Moreover, we will develop a novel core muscle knockdown protocol to establish this mechanism. Lastly, this application sets the stage for long-term studies to compare the effectiveness of interventions for the prevention of running-related injuries. The results of this project will significantly contribute to characterizing how the loss f core stability contributes to running injuries, and the novel techniques that will be developed in this work could contribute to future biomechanics studies.