Ivermectin for Malaria Control

伊维菌素用于控制疟疾

• 批准号: 8426078
• 负责人: BRIAN David FOY
• 金额: $ 47.25万
• 依托单位: COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-02-15 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8426078
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adult; Affect; Africa; African; Age; Animals; Anopheles Genus; Anopheles gambiae; Apolipoproteins C; Artemisinins; Bite; Blood; Cessation of life; Combined Modality Therapy; Communities; Companions; Culicidae; Data; Drops; Economic Burden; Environment; Exploratory/Developmental Grant for Diagnostic Cancer Imaging; Filarial Elephantiases; Foundations; Future; Goals; Health; Human; Human Bites; Insecta; Insecticides; Intervention; Invertebrates; Ivermectin; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Study; Lactones; Length; Malaria; Measures; Methods; Modeling; Molecular Target; Morbidity - disease rate; Mosquito-borne infectious disease; Muscle Fibers; Nematoda; Neuromuscular Junction; Neurons; Onchocerciasis; Oral; Outcome; Paralysed; Parasites; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Plasmodium falciparum; Population; Population Study; Public Health; Research Infrastructure; Residual state; Resistance; Resources; Rest; Safety; Schedule; Seasons; Senegal; Sporozoites; Structure; Study models; Time; Work; artemisinine; combat; feeding; field study; glutamate-gated chloride channel; health economics; killings; mortality; novel; postsynaptic; programs; reproductive; research study; resistance mechanism; success; tool; transmission process; treatment trial; vector; vector control; vector transmission

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The public health and economic burden imposed by mosquito-borne diseases on the developing world, and especially Africa, is enormous. Malaria accounts for the largest portion of global mosquito-borne disease morbidity and mortality. There is an urgent need for novel vector control tools that reduce malaria transmission by mosquitoes in distinct ways from traditional insecticides, including tools that have new molecular targets in mosquitoes, new modes of delivery to the mosquito, and tools that can target transmission by vectors not well- controlled by insecticide-treated nets or indoor residual spraying. To be maximally effective in resource- constrained environments of the developing world, such tools must also be able to integrate with existing malaria control interventions and existing human health infrastructures. Our broad hypothesis is that ivermectin used in human de-worming campaigns in African villages, and which we have shown can disrupt malaria parasite transmission in Senegalese villages, could serve as one of these promising new tools. Ivermectin is an oral drug, already given by mass administration to humans in the developing world for onchocerciasis control, and malaria vectors can ingest and be killed by this drug when they bite humans after these mass drug administrations. Our data suggests that more frequent administrations of ivermectin in malaria-endemic communities would result in sustained reductions in malaria parasite transmission. To get to this goal, a thorough examination of the ivermectin effects against malaria vectors in the field and laboratory is necessary. We propose two specific aims: Aim 1: Perform field population studies in Senegal on the effects of ivermectin ingested by wild malaria vectors. Aim 2: Perform laboratory and modeling studies on the effects ivermectin may have on mosquitoes and malaria parasite transmission.

描述(申请人提供)：蚊媒疾病给发展中国家，特别是非洲带来了巨大的公共卫生和经济负担。疟疾占全球蚊媒疾病发病率和死亡率的最大部分。迫切需要新的媒介控制工具，以不同于传统杀虫剂的方式减少蚊子传播疟疾，包括在蚊子中有新的分子靶点的工具，向蚊子提供新的传播方式，以及能够针对未经杀虫剂处理的蚊帐或室内滞留喷洒良好控制的媒介传播的工具。为了在发展中世界资源有限的环境中发挥最大效力，这些工具还必须能够与现有的疟疾控制干预措施和现有的人类健康基础设施相结合。我们的广泛假设是，在非洲村庄的人类驱虫运动中使用伊维菌素，我们已经证明，伊维菌素可以阻断塞内加尔村庄的疟疾寄生虫传播，可以作为这些有希望的新工具之一。伊维菌素是一种口服药物，在发展中国家已经由大规模给药给人类用来控制盘尾丝虫病，疟疾媒介在这些大规模用药后咬人时可能会被这种药物摄取并被杀死。我们的数据表明，在疟疾流行社区更频繁地使用伊维菌素将导致疟疾寄生虫传播的持续减少。为了实现这一目标，有必要在现场和实验室彻底检查伊维菌素对疟疾媒介的影响。我们提出了两个具体目标：目标1：在塞内加尔进行实地人口研究，研究野生疟疾媒介摄入伊维菌素的影响。目的2：对伊维菌素可能对蚊子和疟疾寄生虫传播的影响进行实验室和模拟研究。