Figurative Language in Aphasic and Health Participants

失语症和健康参与者的比喻语言

• 批准号: 8501949
• 负责人: Anjan K Chatterjee
• 金额: $ 34万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-03-01 至 2018-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8501949
• 关键词: Accounting; Adopted; Affect; Agreement; Attention; Biological; Brain; Brain Diseases; Brain Injuries; Brain region; Clinical Research; Communication; Communication impairment; Competence; Comprehension; Dimensions; Disease; Event; Familiarity; Frequencies; Health; Human; Individual; Inferior frontal gyrus; Investigation; Judgment; Language; Language Disorders; Left; Length; Literature; Metaphor; Methods; Motor; Nervous System Trauma; Participant; Patients; Process; Property; Reaction Time; Recovery; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Research Design; Research Personnel; Semantics; Sensory; Stimulus; Stroke; Structure; Structure of inferior temporal gyrus; Sum; Testing; Thinking; Time; Visual Motion; abstracting; aphasic; base; brain behavior; cognitive neuroscience; design; flexibility; neuroimaging; novel; phonology; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; syntax; theories

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): There is widespread agreement that figurative language fundamentally organizes how humans think and communicate. Despite the importance of figurative language, we know little about its neural underpinnings and even less about the effects of brain damage on its use. Disorders of communication profoundly affect the lives of patients as seen with deficits in phonology, semantics, and even discourse. However, we do not know very much about the breakdown in comprehension of figurative language. We hypothesize that even when individuals make substantial recoveries in language deficits following brain damage they may continue to have profound problems with understanding non-literal language. We aim to examine metaphors, a critical form of figurative language, in functional neuroimaging and patient-based studies. To test hypothesis about the neural bases for figurative language, we will use contemporary theoretical accounts of metaphor processing to motivate our studies and design our approach to overcome previous methodological limitations in this research. We expect to uncover unappreciated communication deficits in patients with neurological damage. Given the ubiquity of metaphor use in structuring thought and communication, such deficits beg to be recognized. Our proposed studies will advance our understanding of the cognitive neuroscience of metaphor comprehension in health and disease and have implications for the rehabilitation of subjects with brain disorders such as stroke.

描述（由申请人提供）：人们普遍认为，比喻语言从根本上组织了人类的思维和交流方式。尽管比喻性语言很重要，但我们对其神经基础知之甚少，更不了解脑损伤对使用比喻性语言的影响。沟通障碍深刻地影响着患者的生活，如语音，语义，甚至话语方面的缺陷。然而，我们对比喻性语言理解的障碍却知之甚少。我们假设，即使个人在脑损伤后的语言缺陷中取得了实质性的恢复，他们可能仍然在理解非文字语言方面存在深刻的问题。我们的目标是检查隐喻，比喻语言的一种重要形式，在功能性神经影像学和以病人为基础的研究。为了验证关于比喻语言的神经基础的假设，我们将使用当代隐喻加工的理论来激励我们的研究，并设计我们的方法来克服本研究中以前的方法局限性。我们希望发现神经损伤患者中未被重视的沟通缺陷。鉴于隐喻在构建思维和交流中的普遍性，这种缺陷亟待认识。我们提出的研究将促进我们的理解的认知神经科学的隐喻理解在健康和疾病，并有影响的康复科目与脑功能障碍，如中风。