Mechanisms of Learning Across Development and Species

跨发展和跨物种的学习机制

• 批准号: 8474102
• 负责人: PATRICIA J. BAUER
• 金额: $ 8.97万
• 依托单位: EMORY UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-05-01 至 2018-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8474102
• 关键词: Development; Learning

DESCRIPTION (provided by the applicant): The proposed Training Program will train predoctoral students in the mechanisms of learning across development and species. Learning is fundamental to adaptive behavior. It involves acquiring and modifying information, behaviors, and skills. Learning also is productive: it extends itself through induction, deduction, and integration. Mechanisms of learning is a critical area to target for predoctoral research training because learning has pervasive impacts in both adaptive and maladaptive behavior, and must be an integral part of any successful mental health or educational intervention. The Training Faculty is drawn from the Department of Psychology, the Yerkes National Primate Research Center, and the interdisciplinary Neuroscience Graduate Program, all of Emory University. The primary training sites are the Department of Psychology and the Yerkes National Primate Research Center. The 16- member Training Faculty approach study of the mechanisms of learning as they manifest from birth to old age in healthy and clinical populations using genetic, comparative, computational, developmental, neurobiological, and neuropsychological techniques. They examine how changes in the brain during infancy and childhood relate to developmental changes in learning, how the elderly adapt with their aging brains, and how diverse species acquire and modify knowledge ranging from simple associations to culturally-mediated rituals and traditions. The diversity of ages, species, and circumstances in which learning mechanisms are studied at Emory provides rich opportunities for accumulation of converging evidence about these mechanisms, and thus for equipping the next generation of scientists with the skills necessary for understanding basic mechanisms of learning. The training site affords a uniquely well- suited environment in which to accomplish one of the goals of the NIH-to unite the study of developmental change from infancy to senescence with the study of adult cognition within a neurobiological framework. We request four predoctoral trainees per year, each of whom will be trained for 3 years. Trainees will be drawn from among students in Emory's highly-selective Laney Graduate School. Trainees will complete all departmental or program requirements for the Ph.D. This training program will provide added value through at least five training enhancements: 1) explicit co-mentoring and collaborative research experiences across species, ages or methodologies; 2) intensive training in grant writing, 3) advanced training in ethics and the responsible conduct of research; 4) participation in courses, workshops and research fairs specific to research on learning across development and species; and 5) application of empirically supported best practices in graduate student training.

描述(由申请人提供)：拟议的培训计划将对博士后学生进行跨发育和物种学习机制的培训。学习是适应行为的基础。它包括获取和修改信息、行为和技能。学习也是有成效的：它通过归纳、演绎和整合来扩展自己。学习机制是博士前研究培训的一个关键领域，因为学习对适应和适应不良行为都有普遍的影响，并且必须是任何成功的心理健康或教育干预的组成部分。培训学院来自埃默里大学的心理学系、耶克斯国家灵长类动物研究中心和跨学科神经科学研究生项目。主要的培训地点是心理学系和耶克斯国家灵长类动物研究中心。由16名成员组成的培训学院方法研究健康和临床人群从出生到老年表现出来的学习机制，使用遗传学、比较、计算、发育、神经生物学和神经心理学技术。他们研究了婴儿期和儿童期大脑的变化如何与学习中的发育变化相关，老年人如何适应他们日益老化的大脑，以及不同物种如何获得和修改从简单联想到文化中介的仪式和传统等各种知识。埃默里大学研究学习机制的年龄、物种和环境的多样性为积累关于这些机制的聚合证据提供了丰富的机会，从而为下一代科学家配备了解基本学习机制所需的技能提供了丰富的机会。训练场地提供了一个独特的非常合适的环境，可以实现NIH的目标之一--将从婴儿期到老年的发育变化研究与成人认知研究在神经生物学框架内结合起来。我们每年招收四名博士后实习生，每人接受三年的培训。学员将从埃默里高度挑剔的莱尼研究生院的学生中挑选出来。学员将完成博士学位的所有部门或项目要求。该培训计划将通过至少五个培训增强提供附加值：1)明确的跨物种、年龄或方法的共同指导和协作研究经验；2)在拨款申请方面的强化培训，3)伦理和负责任的研究开展的高级培训；4)参加专门针对跨发展和物种学习研究的课程、研讨会和研究博览会；以及5)在研究生培训中应用经验支持的最佳实践。