The Relationship of Adolescent Binge Drinking to Measures of Brain and Behavior

青少年酗酒与大脑和行为测量的关系

• 批准号: 8502778
• 负责人: Daniel S. O Leary
• 金额: $ 40.05万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-15 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8502778
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Area; Attenuated; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Behavioral inhibition; Biological Assay; Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain imaging; Characteristics; Cognitive; Corpus striatum structure; Country; Decision Making; Diagnostic; Disinhibition; Dopamine; Down-Regulation; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Goals; Health system; Image; Impairment; Incentives; Individual; Injury; Intervention; Laboratories; Lead; Life; Literature; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Mediating; Motor; Neurobiology; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Personality; Personality Traits; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Psyche structure; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Regulation; Research; Rewards; Risk; Risk Factors; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Structure; Students; Substance Use Disorder; System; Time; Unsafe Sex; adolescent binge drinking; alcohol effect; alcohol expectancy; alcohol research; alcohol use disorder; behavior measurement; binge drinker; binge drinking; brain behavior; cognitive function; college; college drinking; cost; design; drinking; early adolescence; early drinking; emotional stimulus; executive function; experience; improved; indexing; neuroimaging; public health relevance; response; reward processing; university student; young adult

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This the second and final submission of a project designed to identify the neurobiological causes and consequences of binge drinking in college students using brain imaging and behavioral measures of disinibition and reward processing. Binge drinking or drinking large amounts of alcohol on a single occasion is increasing in college students and a growing subset of students engage in "extreme bingeing", drinking two or three times more on one occasion than the standard definition of bingeing. This is troubling because the prefrontal cortex (PFC) continues to develop into the early 20's and the adolescent brain is particularly sensitive to the effects of alcohol use.  Aspects of behavioral disinhibition and reward processing deficits are known to be associated with a general vulnerability toward a spectrum of psychopathological and substance use disorders including alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Advances in two areas of research provide the rationale for this project. One is an increase in imaging studies of AUDs indicating that functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activations offer more sensitive assays of disinhibition and reward processing deficits than other measures. The 2nd is growing neuroimaging literature indicating that top-down control systems in prefrontal cortex (PFC) mature linearly from early adolescence into the early twenties whereas ventral striatal areas of the reward system mature in mid-adolescence. Asymmetric maturation of top-down PFC networks vs the subcortical reward system suggests that an early age of first drink (AFD) and continued early bingeing would result in abnormalities in both reward processing- and response inhibition- networks when assessed in the 1st year of college. In contrast, initiation of binge drinking at college entry would predominantly impact the response inhibition network since the reward system is mature. Bingeing throughout the next two years would further impair both brain networks in subjects with an early AFD, and may begin to impair reward networks in college-entry initiates of bingeing.  This project will assess the relationship of typical and extreme bingeing to measures of brain function and structure as well as to measures of risky decision making, and to aspects of personality mental abilities related to AUDS in college students. We will use fMRI during two tasks that activate brain systems that have been shown to be involved in problematic alcohol use. One task requires behavioral inhibition (Go/NoGo task) that is mediated by the dorsolateral PFC. The other task permits subject's to earn money during the fMRI scan and activates ventral brain reward systems and ventromedial PFC. A battery of laboratory and self-report measures of personality and mental abilities will also be given and the inter-relationships of the brain imagin and behavioral measures will be assessed. The imaging and behavioral battery will be administered again after 2 years to assess relationships of continuing bingeing to reward and response inhibition processes. The long-term goal of the project is improved efficacy of behavioral interventions into bingeing by using information concerning abnormalities identified by brain imaging.

描述（由申请人提供）：这是该项目的第二次也是最后一次提交的项目，旨在利用大脑成像以及戒酒和奖励处理的行为测量来确定大学生酗酒的神经生物学原因和后果。大学生中暴饮暴食或单次大量饮酒的现象越来越多，而且越来越多的学生陷入“极度暴饮暴食”，其一次饮酒量比暴饮暴食的标准定义多两到三倍。这令人不安，因为前额皮质 (PFC) 会持续发育到 20 岁出头，而青少年的大脑对饮酒的影响特别敏感。众所周知，行为去抑制和奖励处理缺陷与一系列精神病理和物质使用障碍（包括酒精使用障碍（AUD））的普遍脆弱性有关。 Advances in two areas of research provide the rationale for this project.一是 AUD 成像研究的增加表明，功能磁共振成像 (fMRI) 激活比其他测量方法提供了更灵敏的去抑制和奖赏处理缺陷分析。第二是越来越多的神经影像学文献表明，前额皮质（PFC）中自上而下的控制系统从青春期早期到二十出头线性成熟，而奖励系统的腹侧纹状体区域在青春期中期成熟。自上而下的 PFC 网络与皮层下奖励系统的不对称成熟表明，在大学第一年进行评估时，首次饮酒 (AFD) 的年龄过早和持续的早期暴饮暴食会导致奖励处理网络和反应抑制网络的异常。相比之下，由于奖励系统已经成熟，进入大学时开始酗酒将主要影响反应抑制网络。未来两年的暴饮暴食将进一步损害早期 AFD 受试者的两个大脑网络，并可能开始损害大学入学时暴饮暴食的奖励网络。该项目将评估典型和极端暴饮暴食与大脑功能和结构测量、风险决策测量以及与大学生 AUDS 相关的人格心理能力方面的关系。 We will use fMRI during two tasks that activate brain systems that have been shown to be involved in problematic alcohol use. One task requires behavioral inhibition (Go/NoGo task) that is mediated by the dorsolateral PFC. The other task permits subject's to earn money during the fMRI scan and activates ventral brain reward systems and ventromedial PFC.还将提供一系列关于人格和心理能力的实验室和自我报告测量，并评估大脑想象和行为测量的相互关系。两年后将再次进行成像和行为测试，以评估持续暴饮暴食与奖励和反应抑制过程的关系。该项目的长期目标是通过使用脑成像发现的异常信息来提高暴饮暴食行为干预的效果。