Relation to Adoles Binge Brain Beh Supplement

与 Adoles Binge Brain Beh 补充剂的关系

• 批准号: 8738816
• 负责人: Daniel S. O Leary
• 金额: $ 14.63万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-15 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8738816
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent and Young Adult; Adult; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Area; Attenuated; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Behavioral inhibition; Biological Assay; Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain imaging; Characteristics; Cognitive; Corpus striatum structure; Country; Decision Making; Diagnostic; Disinhibition; Dopamine; Down-Regulation; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Goals; Health system; Image; Impairment; Incentives; Individual; Injury; Intervention; Laboratories; Lead; Life; Literature; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Measures; Mediating; Motor; Neurobiology; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Personality; Personality Traits; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Psyche structure; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Regulation; Research; Rewards; Risk; Risk Factors; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Structure; Students; Substance Use Disorder; System; Time; Unsafe Sex; alcohol effect; alcohol expectancy; alcohol research; alcohol use disorder; behavior measurement; binge drinker; binge drinking; cognitive function; college; college drinking; cost; design; drinking; early adolescence; early drinking; emotional stimulus; executive function; experience; improved; indexing; neuroimaging; public health relevance; response; reward processing; university student

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This the second and final submission of a project designed to identify the neurobiological causes and consequences of binge drinking in college students using brain imaging and behavioral measures of disinibition and reward processing. Binge drinking or drinking large amounts of alcohol on a single occasion is increasing in college students and a growing subset of students engage in "extreme bingeing", drinking two or three times more on one occasion than the standard definition of bingeing. This is troubling because the prefrontal cortex (PFC) continues to develop into the early 20's and the adolescent brain is particularly sensitive to the effects of alcohol use.  Aspects of behavioral disinhibition and reward processing deficits are known to be associated with a general vulnerability toward a spectrum of psychopathological and substance use disorders including alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Advances in two areas of research provide the rationale for this project. One is an increase in imaging studies of AUDs indicating that functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activations offer more sensitive assays of disinhibition and reward processing deficits than other measures. The 2nd is growing neuroimaging literature indicating that top-down control systems in prefrontal cortex (PFC) mature linearly from early adolescence into the early twenties whereas ventral striatal areas of the reward system mature in mid-adolescence. Asymmetric maturation of top-down PFC networks vs the subcortical reward system suggests that an early age of first drink (AFD) and continued early bingeing would result in abnormalities in both reward processing- and response inhibition- networks when assessed in the 1st year of college. In contrast, initiation of binge drinking at college entry would predominantly impact the response inhibition network since the reward system is mature. Bingeing throughout the next two years would further impair both brain networks in subjects with an early AFD, and may begin to impair reward networks in college-entry initiates of bingeing.  This project will assess the relationship of typical and extreme bingeing to measures of brain function and structure as well as to measures of risky decision making, and to aspects of personality mental abilities related to AUDS in college students. We will use fMRI during two tasks that activate brain systems that have been shown to be involved in problematic alcohol use. One task requires behavioral inhibition (Go/NoGo task) that is mediated by the dorsolateral PFC. The other task permits subject's to earn money during the fMRI scan and activates ventral brain reward systems and ventromedial PFC. A battery of laboratory and self-report measures of personality and mental abilities will also be given and the inter-relationships of the brain imagin and behavioral measures will be assessed. The imaging and behavioral battery will be administered again after 2 years to assess relationships of continuing bingeing to reward and response inhibition processes. The long-term goal of the project is improved efficacy of behavioral interventions into bingeing by using information concerning abnormalities identified by brain imaging.

描述（由申请人提供）：这是一个项目的第二个也是最后一个提交的项目，旨在确定大学生的神经生物学原因和饮酒的后果，并使用脑成像和行为措施进行解毒和奖励处理。曾一次一次饮酒或喝大量酒精的饮酒正在增加，而越来越多的学生则参与“极端暴饮暴食”，一次喝两到三倍的饮酒，比暴饮暴食的标准定义多了两到三倍。这是令人不安的，因为前额叶皮层（PFC）继续发展到20年代初期，而青春期大脑对饮酒的影响特别敏感。已知行为抑制和奖励处理缺陷的各个方面与一系列精神病理学和物质使用障碍（包括酒精使用障碍（AUDS））的普遍脆弱性有关。在两个研究领域的进步为该项目提供了理由。一种是对AUD的成像研究的增加，表明功能磁共振成像（fMRI）激活比其他措施提供了更敏感的抑制和奖励处理缺陷测定法。第二个正在增长神经影像学文献，表明从青春期早期到二十年代初期，前额叶皮层（PFC）的自上而下的控制系统成熟，而奖励系统的腹侧纹状体区域成熟。自上而下的PFC网络与皮层奖励系统的不对称成熟表明，在大学一年级评估时，初次饮料（AFD）和持续的早期暴饮暴食将导致奖励处理和响应抑制网络异常。相比之下，由于奖励系统成熟，在大学入学时开始进行暴饮暴食将主要影响反应抑制网络。在接下来的两年中，暴饮暴食将进一步损害具有早期AFD的受试者的两个大脑网络，并可能开始损害狂欢的大学入学启动中的奖励网络。该项目将评估典型和极端暴饮暴食与大脑功能和结构的度量以及风险决策制定的衡量以及与大学生相关的人格心理能力方面的关系。我们将在两项激活大脑系统的任务中使用fMRI，这些任务已被证明与饮酒有关。一项任务需要由背外侧PFC介导的行为抑制（GO/NOGO任务）。另一个任务允许受试者在fMRI扫描中赚钱，并激活腹脑奖励系统和腹侧PFC。还将评估一系列实验室和自我报告的人格和心理能力测量，并评估大脑想象力和行为措施的关系。成像和行为电池将在2年后再次管理，以评估持续暴饮暴食的关系以奖励和响应抑制过程。该项目的长期目标是通过使用有关脑成像确定的异常信息的信息，提高了行为干预措施对暴饮暴食的疗效。