The Relationship of Adolescent Binge Drinking to Measures of Brain and Behavior

青少年酗酒与大脑和行为测量的关系

• 批准号: 8856112
• 负责人: Daniel S. O Leary
• 金额: $ 70.56万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF IOWA
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-15 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8856112
• 关键词: Adolescence; Adolescent; Adolescent and Young Adult; Adult; Age; Alcohol abuse; Alcohol consumption; Alcohols; Area; Attenuated; Behavior; Behavior Therapy; Behavioral; Behavioral inhibition; Biological Assay; Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain imaging; Characteristics; Corpus striatum structure; Country; Decision Making; Diagnostic; Disinhibition; Dopamine; Down-Regulation; Frequencies; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Future; Goals; Health system; Image; Impairment; Incentives; Individual; Injury; Intervention; Laboratories; Lead; Life; Literature; MRI Scans; Measures; Mediating; Motor; Neurobiology; Patient Self-Report; Pattern; Personality; Personality Traits; Prefrontal Cortex; Process; Psyche structure; Public Health; Recording of previous events; Regulation; Research; Rewards; Risk; Risk Factors; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Structure; Students; Substance Use Disorder; System; Time; Unsafe Sex; adolescent binge drinking; alcohol effect; alcohol expectancy; alcohol research; alcohol use disorder; behavior measurement; binge drinker; binge drinking; brain behavior; cognitive function; cognitive process; college; college drinking; cost; design; drinking; early adolescence; early drinking; emotional stimulus; executive function; experience; improved; indexing; neuroimaging; public health relevance; response; reward processing; university student

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This the second and final submission of a project designed to identify the neurobiological causes and consequences of binge drinking in college students using brain imaging and behavioral measures of disinibition and reward processing. Binge drinking or drinking large amounts of alcohol on a single occasion is increasing in college students and a growing subset of students engage in "extreme bingeing", drinking two or three times more on one occasion than the standard definition of bingeing. This is troubling because the prefrontal cortex (PFC) continues to develop into the early 20's and the adolescent brain is particularly sensitive to the effects of alcohol use.  Aspects of behavioral disinhibition and reward processing deficits are known to be associated with a general vulnerability toward a spectrum of psychopathological and substance use disorders including alcohol use disorders (AUDs). Advances in two areas of research provide the rationale for this project. One is an increase in imaging studies of AUDs indicating that functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) activations offer more sensitive assays of disinhibition and reward processing deficits than other measures. The 2nd is growing neuroimaging literature indicating that top-down control systems in prefrontal cortex (PFC) mature linearly from early adolescence into the early twenties whereas ventral striatal areas of the reward system mature in mid-adolescence. Asymmetric maturation of top-down PFC networks vs the subcortical reward system suggests that an early age of first drink (AFD) and continued early bingeing would result in abnormalities in both reward processing- and response inhibition- networks when assessed in the 1st year of college. In contrast, initiation of binge drinking at college entry would predominantly impact the response inhibition network since the reward system is mature. Bingeing throughout the next two years would further impair both brain networks in subjects with an early AFD, and may begin to impair reward networks in college-entry initiates of bingeing.  This project will assess the relationship of typical and extreme bingeing to measures of brain function and structure as well as to measures of risky decision making, and to aspects of personality mental abilities related to AUDS in college students. We will use fMRI during two tasks that activate brain systems that have been shown to be involved in problematic alcohol use. One task requires behavioral inhibition (Go/NoGo task) that is mediated by the dorsolateral PFC. The other task permits subject's to earn money during the fMRI scan and activates ventral brain reward systems and ventromedial PFC. A battery of laboratory and self-report measures of personality and mental abilities will also be given and the inter-relationships of the brain imagin and behavioral measures will be assessed. The imaging and behavioral battery will be administered again after 2 years to assess relationships of continuing bingeing to reward and response inhibition processes. The long-term goal of the project is improved efficacy of behavioral interventions into bingeing by using information concerning abnormalities identified by brain imaging.

描述（由申请人提供）：这是第二次也是最后一次提交的一个项目，旨在确定神经生物学的原因和后果，酗酒的大学生使用脑成像和行为措施disinibition和奖励处理。在大学生中，暴饮或一次性饮用大量酒精的人数正在增加，越来越多的学生参与“极端暴饮”，一次饮酒量是暴饮标准定义的两到三倍。这是令人不安的，因为前额叶皮层（PFC）继续发展到20年代初，青少年的大脑对酒精使用的影响特别敏感。  行为去抑制和奖励处理缺陷的方面是已知的，与一般的脆弱性对精神病理学和物质使用障碍，包括酒精使用障碍（AUD）的频谱。两个研究领域的进展为这一项目提供了依据。一个是增加的AUDs的成像研究表明，功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）激活提供了更敏感的检测去抑制和奖励处理缺陷比其他措施。第二，越来越多的神经影像学文献表明，前额叶皮层（PFC）中自上而下的控制系统从青春期早期到20岁早期线性成熟，而奖励系统的腹侧纹状体区域在青春期中期成熟。自上而下的PFC网络与皮层下奖励系统的不对称成熟表明，在大学第一年评估时，早期的第一次饮酒（AFD）和持续的早期暴饮暴食会导致奖励处理和反应抑制网络的异常。相比之下，在大学入学时开始酗酒将主要影响反应抑制网络，因为奖励系统已经成熟。在接下来的两年里，暴饮暴食将进一步损害早期AFD受试者的两个大脑网络，并可能开始损害大学入学后暴饮暴食者的奖励网络。  该项目将评估典型和极端暴食与脑功能和结构的测量以及风险决策的测量的关系，以及与大学生AUDS相关的个性心理能力的各个方面。我们将在两个任务中使用功能性磁共振成像，这些任务激活了与问题酒精使用有关的大脑系统。一个任务需要由背外侧PFC介导的行为抑制（Go/NoGo任务）。另一个任务允许受试者在fMRI扫描期间赚钱，并激活腹侧脑奖励系统和腹内侧PFC。还将给出一组个性和心理能力的实验室和自我报告测量，并评估大脑成像和行为测量的相互关系。2年后将再次进行成像和行为测试，以评估持续暴食与奖励和反应抑制过程的关系。该项目的长期目标是通过使用脑成像识别的异常信息来提高行为干预对暴食的有效性。