Assess the Effects of Pre- and Postnatal exposure to the organophosphorus

评估产前和产后接触有机磷的影响

• 批准号: 8391755
• 负责人: Virginia A Rauh
• 金额: $ 50.19万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2009
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2009-03-11 至 2015-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8391755
• 关键词: 10 year old; 9 year old; Adverse effects; Affect; Agriculture; Air Pollutants; Anatomy; Animal Model; Animals; Area; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Birth Weight; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Brain region; Chemicals; Child; Child Development; Chlorpyrifos; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; Cohort Studies; Development; Developmental Delay Disorders; Diagnosis; Diazinon; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Documentation; Dose; Environmental Health; Exposure to; Fetal Growth; Fiber; Head; Health; Hippocampus (Brain); Hyperactive behavior; Image; Lateral; Literature; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Measures; Memory; Mental Depression; Metabolism; Modeling; Motor; Motor Activity; N-acetylaspartate; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Neurobiology; Neurons; Neuropsychological Tests; Organophosphates; Parietal; Pattern; Performance; Pesticides; Problem behavior; Regression Analysis; Relative (related person); Safety; Sensorimotor functions; Sensory; Severities; Structure; Subgroup; Symptoms; TNFRSF5 gene; Temporal Lobe; Translational Research; Umbilical Cord Blood; United States; Work; association cortex; base; brain size; brain volume; cognitive function; cohort; early childhood; inattention; indexing; inner city; neurobehavioral; neurodevelopment; neuroimaging; neuropsychological; postnatal; prenatal; prenatal exposure; prospective; psychologic; relating to nervous system; respiratory; response; toxic organophosphate insecticide exposure; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of pre- and postnatal exposure to the organophosphorus (OP) pesticide chlorpyrifos (CPF) on neurobehavioral functioning in a cohort of inner-city children who have reached 9 years of age. This work builds on, and shares a cohort with, a prospective cohort study of ambient air pollutant effects on child development and respiratory health, being conducted by the Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health (NIEHS R01 ES08977, P.I. Perera:11/01/03-10/31/08; 5 P01 ES09600/EPA RD-83214101, P.I. Perera, Co-I Rauh:11/01/03-10/31/08). Previous findings from the Children's Center study reveal adverse effects of prenatal exposure to CPF (validated with biomarkers in cord blood) on birth weight (Whyatt et al., 2004), cognitive and motor development, and neuro-behavioral problems at 3 years (Rauh et al., 2006). Affected neurobehavioral areas include attention and ADHD-- conditions with serious long-term clinical implications. Based on these findings, and evidence from the experimental literature showing long-term, possibly irreversible effects of CPF exposure on brain development and sensorimotor activity (Dam et al, 2000; Levin et al, 2002; Slotkin et al, 2005), we now propose to evaluate the longer-term neurodevelopmental effects of CPF in 300 9-year-old children. We will use Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to define the intermediary neurobiological effects of CPF exposure on the structure, metabolism, and anatomical connectivity of the brain in all 300 children. CPF was selected as a model for translational research because it is representative of the class of OP pesticides, well characterized, and well-studied in animals. Furthermore, agricultural and commercial uses continue, despite the 2001 residential ban by EPA. Specifically, we propose to: (1) assess the 9- year effects of prenatal and early childhood exposures to CPF on neurobehavioral (inattention, hyperactivity and depression) and neuropsychological functioning (attentional capacity, memory, impulse control and sensory motor functioning); and (2) assess the 9-year effects of prenatal and early childhood exposures to CPF on measures of brain structure (using anatomical MRI), brain chemistry/cellular metabolism (using magnetic resonance spectroscopy), and anatomical connectivity (using diffusion tensor imaging) in the same children.

描述(申请人提供)：这项研究的目的是评估出生前和出生后接触有机磷(OP)杀虫剂毒死蜱(CPF)对一群9岁的市中心儿童神经行为功能的影响。这项工作建立在哥伦比亚儿童环境健康中心(NIEHS R01ES08977，P.I.佩雷拉：11/01/03-10/31/08；5 P01 ES09600/EPA RD-83214101，P.I.佩雷拉，CO-I RAUH：11/01/03-10/31/08)正在进行的环境空气污染物对儿童发育和呼吸健康影响的前瞻性队列研究的基础上，并与之共享。儿童中心以前的研究结果显示，产前暴露于CPF(通过脐带血中的生物标记物验证)对出生体重(Whyatt等人，2004年)、认知和运动发育以及3岁时的神经行为问题(Rauh等人，2006年)有不利影响。受影响的神经行为领域包括注意力和ADHD--这些疾病具有严重的长期临床意义。基于这些发现，以及来自实验文献的证据，表明CPF暴露对大脑发育和感觉运动活动的长期、可能不可逆转的影响(Dam等人，2000；Levin等人，2002；Slotkin等人，2005)，我们现在建议评估CPF对300名9岁儿童的长期神经发育影响。我们将使用核磁共振成像(MRI)来确定CPF暴露对所有300名儿童大脑的结构、代谢和解剖连接的中间神经生物学影响。CPF被选为翻译研究的模型，因为它代表了有机磷农药的一类，具有良好的特性，并在动物中得到了充分的研究。此外，尽管2001年环保局禁止居住，但农业和商业用途仍在继续。具体地说，我们建议：(1)评估产前和早期接触CPF对神经行为(注意力不集中、多动和抑郁)和神经心理功能(注意力、记忆、冲动控制和感觉运动功能)的9年影响；以及(2)评估产前和早期接触CPF对同一儿童的大脑结构(使用解剖MRI)、脑化学/细胞代谢(使用磁共振波谱)和解剖连接(使用扩散张量成像)的9年影响。

项目成果

Dissociable attentional and affective circuits in medication-naïve children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2013.01.004
• 发表时间: 2013-07-30
• 期刊: Psychiatry research
• 影响因子: 11.3
• 作者: Posner J;Rauh V;Gruber A;Gat I;Wang Z;Peterson BS
• 通讯作者: Peterson BS