Assess the effects of ETS on Neurodevelopment

评估 ETS 对神经发育的影响

• 批准号: 8604813
• 负责人: Virginia A Rauh
• 金额: $ 9.98万
• 依托单位: COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY HEALTH SCIENCES
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2010
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2010-05-01 至 2015-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8604813
• 关键词: 10 year old; 11 year old; 2 year old; 7 year old; Age; Air Pollutants; Anatomy; Animal Model; Animals; Attention; Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; Basal Ganglia; Behavioral; Biological Markers; Brain; Brain Chemistry; Brain region; Child; Child Development; Childhood; Clinical; Cognition; Cognitive; Cohort Studies; Data; Development; Diagnosis; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Dose; Environmental Health; Environmental Tobacco Smoke; Exposure to; Fiber; Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Health; Hippocampus (Brain); Hyperactive behavior; Image; Impaired cognition; Lateral; Longitudinal Studies; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; Measures; Memory; Metabolism; Modeling; Motor; N-acetylaspartate; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; Neurons; Neuropsychological Tests; Parietal; Parietal Lobe; Performance; Regression Analysis; Relative (related person); Risk; Sensorimotor functions; Sensory; Severities; Structure; Subgroup; Symptoms; TNFRSF5 gene; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Translational Research; Work; association cortex; base; brain size; brain volume; cognitive function; cohort; early childhood; frontal lobe; inattention; indexing; inner city; neurobehavioral; neurodevelopment; neuropsychological; postnatal; prenatal; prenatal exposure; prospective; psychologic; public health relevance; relating to nervous system; respiratory; response; white matter

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The purpose of this study is to assess the effects of prenatal and early childhood exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on brain structure and function in a cohort of inner-city children who are 9-10 years of age. The proposed work builds on, and shares a cohort with, a prospective cohort study of ambient air pollutant effects on child development and respiratory health, currently being conducted by the Columbia Center for Children's Environmental Health (CCCEH) (P.I. Perera, RO1 ES08977 NIEHS: 8/01/07-5/31/12; NIEHS P50 ES09066, EPA R827027:11/1/03-10/31/08). Previous findings from the CCCEH cohort study have shown that prenatal exposure to ETS was associated with an increased risk of cognitive disturbances at age 2 years (Rauh et al., 2004) and increased risk of ADHD-like symptoms at age 2-3 years (Rauh et al., 2006). These findings suggest the concerning presence of disturbances of cognition, inattention, hyperactivity, and impulse control associated with early exposure to ETS. Consistent with these behavioral findings, our pilot MRI data comparing the brains of 15 children prenatally exposed to ETS with 15 unexposed children showed significant effects on regional brain volumes and anatomical connectivity at 5-7 years of age, regardless of their degree of postnatal exposure. Based on these preliminary findings, we propose to evaluate the effects of prenatal and early childhood exposure to ETS on brain development and cognitive functioning in 250 children at 9-10 years of age. We will use Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) to study detailed brain anatomy, fiber tracts, and metabolites in these children, and we will assess cognitive and attentional functioning using an array of neuropsychological tasks. ETS was selected as a model agent for translational research because it is well characterized, well-studied in animals, and continues to be a highly prevalent exposure. Specifically, we propose to: (1) assess the 9-10-year effects of prenatal and early childhood exposures to ETS on neurobehavioral (inattention, hyperactivity) and neuropsychological functioning (attentional capacity, memory, impulse control and sensory motor functioning); and (2) assess the 9-10-year effects of prenatal and early childhood exposures to ETS on measures of brain structure (using anatomical MRI), brain chemistry (using magnetic resonance spectroscopy), and anatomical connectivity (using diffusion tensor imaging), and functional activity (using fMRI) in the same children.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的目的是评估产前和儿童早期暴露于环境烟草烟雾（ETS）对9-10岁市中心儿童大脑结构和功能的影响。目前，哥伦比亚儿童环境健康中心（CCCEH）正在进行一项关于环境空气污染物对儿童发育和呼吸系统健康影响的前瞻性队列研究（P.I. Perera, RO1 ES08977 NIEHS: 8/01/07-5/31/12; NIEHS P50 ES09066, EPA R827027:11/1/03-10/31/08）。CCCEH队列研究的先前发现表明，产前暴露于ETS与2岁时认知障碍的风险增加有关（Rauh等人，2004年），并与2-3岁时adhd样症状的风险增加有关（Rauh等人，2006年）。这些发现表明存在认知障碍，注意力不集中，多动和