Initiation of the Sterile Inflammatory Response in Acute Pancreatitis

描述（由申请人提供）：急性胰腺炎（AP）是由胰腺腺泡细胞损伤导致酶原激活引发的。这种初始损伤诱导快速无菌炎症反应（SIR），其特征在于水肿、细胞浸润和进一步的腺泡细胞死亡。许多证据表明SIR在胰腺损伤中起重要作用，但腺泡细胞损伤和SIR诱导之间的关键联系尚未确定。 我们的初步数据表明，在caerulein诱导的急性胰腺炎：i。在不存在TLR 9或炎性体组分ASC、NLRP 3和半胱天冬酶-1的情况下，SIR和腺泡细胞损伤减少。二. TLR 9抑制剂可减少SIR和腺泡细胞死亡。三. TLR 9表达定位于体内的常驻免疫细胞、内皮细胞和胰管细胞。 我们假设，最初的腺泡细胞损伤释放损伤相关分子模式（DAMP），这是由驻地胰腺细胞的感觉，导致SIR增加腺泡细胞死亡。 目的1：鉴定胰腺DAMP敏感细胞。(a)将构建骨髓嵌合体以鉴定免疫和实质细胞对SIR的相对贡献。(b)选择性耗竭将决定单个细胞群对SIR的贡献。 目的2：确定炎性小体激活的哪些成分诱导腺泡细胞毒性。将分离腺泡细胞，并评估对（a）IL-1 β和IL-18以及（B）与目标1中鉴定的DAMP敏感细胞共培养的细胞死亡和酶原活化。 目的3：探讨急性胰腺炎中TLR 4活化对炎性小体和TLR 9信号通路的调节作用。将在Aim 1中鉴定的DAMP敏感细胞中评估TLR 4活化调节（a）NLRP 3炎性体和（B）TLR 9信号传导的能力。 拟议的工作将确定一个详细的细胞和分子机制，在急性胰腺炎的炎症反应的启动。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Acute pancreatitis (AP) is initiated by injury to pancreatic acinar cells resulting in zymogen activation. This initial insult induces a rapid sterile inflammatory response (SIR) characterized by edema, cellular infiltrate, and further acinar cell death. Many lines of evidence point towards the SIR having a vital role in pancreatic damage, but the crucial link between acinar cell injury and induction of the SIR has not been identified. Our preliminary data demonstrate that in caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis: i. In the absence of TLR9 or the inflammasome components ASC, NLRP3, and caspase-1 there is reduced SIR and acinar cell injury. ii. Inhibitors of TLR9 can reduce the SIR and acinar cell death. iii. TLR9 expression is localized to resident immune, endothelial, and pancreatic duct cells in vivo. We hypothesize that initial acinar cell injury releases damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) which are sensed by resident pancreatic cells, resulting in the SIR which increases acinar cell death. Aim 1: Identify the pancreatic DAMP-sensing cell. (a) Bone marrow chimeras will be constructed to identify the relative contribution of immune and parenchymal cells to the SIR. (b) Selective depletion will determine the contributions of individual cell populations to the SIR. Aim 2: Identify which components of inflammasome activation induce acinar cell cytotoxicity. Acinar cells will be isolated and assessed for cell death and zymogen activation in response to (a) IL-1beta and IL-18, and (b) co-culture with the DAMP-sensing cell identified in Aim 1. Aim 3: Identify the regulation of the inflammasome and TLR9 signaling by TLR4 activation in acute pancreatitis. The ability of TLR4 activation to regulate both (a) NLRP3 inflammasome and (b) TLR9 signaling will be assessed in the DAMP-sensing cells identified in Aim 1. The proposed work will identify a detailed cellular and molecular mechanism for the initiation of the inflammatory response in acute pancreatitis.