Promoting Capacity Building in Chronic Diseases Research in South America

促进南美洲慢性病研究能力建设

• 批准号: 8337111
• 负责人: Adolfo LUIS Rubinstein
• 金额: $ 22.35万
• 依托单位: INSTITUTO DE EFECTIVIDAD CLINICA Y SANIT
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-12 至 2013-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8337111
• 关键词: Argentina; Attenuated; Behavioral; Brazil; Chile; Chronic Disease; Clinical effectiveness; Collaborations; Educational workshop; Environment; Environmental Policy; Environmental Risk Factor; Epidemiology; Faculty; Generations; Health Policy; Hospitals; Institutes; Institution; Link; Mentors; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; Paraguay; Program Development; Public Health Schools; Research; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Risk Factors; South America; Students; Training; Training Programs; Uruguay; Visit; Woman; base; design; doctoral student; effective intervention; experience; innovation; medical schools; programs; tool; trend

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): We are proposing a new FOGARTY Training Program, based at the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS) of Argentina in collaboration with the Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH) and supporting faculty at Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School (BWH/HMS), entitled "Promoting Capacity Building in Chronic Diseases Research in South America". This proposal will be closely linked to the ongoing NHLBI BAA No. NHLBI-HV-09-12 and will consolidate and strengthen the research capacities of the network of institutions participating in the COE Research Projects in Argentina, Chile Southern Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay. This Program will train 8 Master and 4 Doctoral students in Argentina, taking advantage of the rich academic environment of the Harvard School of Public Health bringing together outstanding faculty mentors to provide integrated and interdisciplinary experiences and collaborative interactions. Cutting-edge didactic training and mentoring will create a new generation of highly skilled investigators to study the impact of behavioral and environmental risk factors on chronic diseases and utilize the full set of epidemiologic, interventional, environmental, and policy tools to design, implement, and evaluate the most effective interventions to reduce impact of harmful risk factors, facilitate expansion of protective behavioral and environmental factors, and attenuate or reverse the alarming global trends in chronic diseases. The main objectives are to build capacity for global chronic disease research by providing training and mentoring to 8 Master students at the 2-year Masters program in Clinical Effectiveness of the UBA school of Medicine, 4 Doctoral students at IECS/UBA and HSPH, and 60 scholars from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay and Uruguay to attend seminars, workshops and intensive short courses in introductory topics in chronic disease research. One of the most innovative components of this Program will be the implementation of a new Faculty development program that will include faculty visits from IECS to HSPH and from HSPH to IECS along the 5-year training period. PUBLIC HEALTH RELEVANCE: Several health indicators of the Latin American population have improved in the last 50 years and this trend is continuing. In particular, reductions in the incidence of communicable and infectious diseases have resulted in significant increases in average life expectancy. This good news also present dramatic new health challenges as the clinical management burden shifts from acute (less expensive, less complicated) to chronic (more expensive, more complex) disease. These challenges are especially critical for countries in transition such as those of Latin America, in which changing behavioral and environmental risks are producing rapid increases in obesity, type 2 diabetes, and related NCDs, and in which widespread use of costly novel drug- and device-related interventions may be neither practical nor cost-effective. Taking all this into account, we propose a new Fogarty Training Program based at the Institute for Clinical Effectiveness and Health Policy (IECS) in Buenos Aires, Argentina, and with close collaboration from Harvard School of Public Health (HSPH), to promote capacity building in NCDs Research in South America, focused on how lifestyle and environment influence hypertension, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and related NCDs across the lifespan. The Program will add considerable strength and depth to the Fogarty's commitment to understanding the behavioral and environmental determinants, preventive measures, and treatments of NCDs, with focus on the Southern Cone of Latin America that is composed of middle income countries with populations at various stages of the demographic and epidemiological transition and in which NCDs account for more than 60% of premature mortality and disability

描述（由申请人提供）：我们提出了一个新的FOGARTY培训计划，该计划位于阿根廷临床有效性和卫生政策研究所（IECS），与哈佛公共卫生学院（HSPH）合作，并支持布里格姆妇女医院和哈佛医学院（BWH/HMS）的教师，题为“促进南美慢性病研究的能力建设”。该提案将与正在进行的NHLBI BAA No. NHLBI-HV-09-12密切相关，并将巩固和加强参与阿根廷、智利、巴西南部、巴拉圭和乌拉圭COE研究项目的机构网络的研究能力。该计划将在阿根廷培养8名硕士和4名博士生，利用哈佛公共卫生学院丰富的学术环境，汇集优秀的教师导师，提供综合和跨学科的经验和协作互动。尖端的教学培训和指导将培养新一代高技能研究人员，以研究行为和环境风险因素对慢性病的影响，并利用全套流行病学、干预性、环境和政策工具 设计，实施和评估最有效的干预措施，以减少有害风险因素的影响，促进保护性行为和环境因素的扩展，并减轻或扭转令人担忧的全球慢性病趋势。其主要目标是通过为乌巴大学医学院两年制临床有效性硕士课程的8名硕士生、IECS/乌巴大学和HSPH的4名博士生以及来自阿根廷、巴西、智利、巴拉圭和乌拉圭的60名学者参加研讨会，研讨会和密集的短期课程，介绍慢性病研究的主题。该计划最具创新性的组成部分之一将是实施一项新的教师发展计划，该计划将包括从IECS到HSPH以及从HSPH到IECS的教师访问，为期沿着5年的培训期。 公共卫生相关性：拉丁美洲人口的若干健康指标在过去50年中有所改善，这一趋势仍在继续。特别是，传染病发病率的降低导致平均预期寿命的显著增加。这一好消息也带来了巨大的新的健康挑战，因为临床管理负担从急性（较便宜，较不复杂）疾病转移到慢性（更昂贵，更复杂）疾病。 这些挑战对拉丁美洲等转型期国家尤为严峻，因为在这些国家，不断变化的行为和环境风险正在导致肥胖症、2型糖尿病和相关非传染性疾病的迅速增加，而在这些国家，广泛使用昂贵的新型药物和器械相关干预措施可能既不实际也不具有成本效益。 考虑到所有这些，我们建议在阿根廷布宜诺斯艾利斯的临床有效性和卫生政策研究所（IECS）开展一项新的Fogarty培训计划，并与哈佛公共卫生学院（HSPH）密切合作，以促进南美非传染性疾病研究的能力建设，重点关注生活方式和环境如何影响高血压，肥胖，2型糖尿病，和相关的非传染性疾病。 该计划将大大加强和深化Fogarty对了解非传染性疾病的行为和环境决定因素、预防措施和治疗方法的承诺，重点是拉丁美洲南锥体，该地区由中等收入国家组成，人口处于人口和流行病转型的不同阶段，非传染性疾病占过早死亡和残疾的60%以上。