Multi-Court Trial of NBP to Prevent Substance Abuse and Mental Health Disorder

NBP 预防药物滥用和精神健康障碍的多法庭审判

• 批准号: 8423061
• 负责人: Irwin N. Sandler
• 金额: $ 136.21万
• 依托单位: ARIZONA STATE UNIVERSITY-TEMPE CAMPUS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2011-02-01 至 2016-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8423061
• 关键词: Accounting; Address; Adolescence; Adult; Age; Alcohol consumption; Alcohol or Other Drugs use; Arizona; Caucasians; Caucasoid Race; Child; Childhood; Community Services; Dimensions; Discipline; Disease; Divorce; Drug usage; Educational workshop; Effectiveness; Enrollment; Ethnic Origin; Ethnic group; Evaluation; Family; Fathers; Female; Foundations; Funding; Gender; Health Services Research; Human Resources; Individual; Intervention; Interview; Long-Term Effects; Marijuana Smoking; Marketing; Measures; Mediating; Mental Health; Mental disorders; Methods; Mexican Americans; Monitor; Mothers; National Institute of Mental Health; Not Hispanic or Latino; Outcome; Parent-Child Relations; Parenting behavior; Parents; Participant; Population; Pre-Post Tests; Prevalence; Prevention; Prevention program; Preventive Intervention; Process; Provider; Public Health; Randomized; Relative (related person); Request for Applications; Research; Research Infrastructure; Research Personnel; Research Project Grants; Risk; Sampling; Services; Stressful Event; Subgroup; Substance abuse problem; System; Telephone; Testing; Training; Training Programs; Translating; Universities; Youth; adolescent substance use; base; cigarette smoking; cost; court; effectiveness trial; efficacy trial; evidence base; experience; follow-up; high risk; high risk sexual behavior; improved; male; mental disorder diagnosis; physical conditioning; prevent; programs; prototype; public health relevance; ranpirnase; reduce marijuana use; reduced substance abuse; self esteem; substance use prevention

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The proposed project requests funding to evaluate a system for implementation through the family courts of the New Beginnings Program, an efficacious preventive intervention for youth from divorcing families. The NBP is a 10- session, parenting group that has been evaluated in two university-based randomized experimental trials and has demonstrated positive program effects to reduce multiple problem outcomes at six-years: reduced marijuana, drug and alcohol use, 37% reduction in prevalence of diagnosed mental disorder; reduced externalizing problems, and reduced high risk sexual behavior; and improved grade point average and self-esteem (Wolchik et al., 2008). Mediational analyses indicated that most of these effects were accounted for by improvements in parent-child relationship quality, effective discipline or both. For many outcomes, program benefits were strongest for youth who were at highest risk when they entered the program. Over the past three years, the primary investigators have collaborated with personnel from family courts and service marketing researchers to develop and pilot test components of a system for delivering NBP through the family courts. The proposed research tests the effectiveness of the NBP as delivered in five courts in Arizona. There are four specific aims of this application: 1. Examine whether families randomly assigned to the NBP show greater improvement than those assigned to a brief workshop on measures of positive parenting, youth substance use and mental health problems. Assessments will occur at pre-test, post-test and 6-month follow-up; analyses will test whether program effects on youth outcomes at 6-months are mediated by program-induced effects on parenting at post-test. 2. Test whether the effects of the NBP are moderated by level of child risk at program entry, gender of parent, ethnicity of parent (i.e., Mexican American vs. non-Hispanic Caucasians) or age of child. 3. Examine whether variability in implementation accounts for variability in positive parenting and youth outcomes. Analyses will also test whether relations between dimensions of implementation and outcomes differ across gender of parent and ethnicity. 4. Experimentally test whether a brief telephone engagement interview increases initiation (i.e. attendance at least one session) relative to a standard informational contact for parents who enroll in the NBP (i.e. express intent to attend). The effect of the engagement interview will be tested for the overall sample, and separately for fathers and mothers, and Mexican Americans and non-Hispanic Caucasians. This project lays the scientific foundation for later studies that address the dissemination of the NBP in a large number of courts. The proposed research has important public health implications for preventing substance use and mental health problems that have substantial individual and societal costs in the 1.5 million U.S. children whose parents divorce each year.

说明（由申请人提供）：拟议项目要求提供资金，以评估通过家庭法庭实施“新起点计划”的系统，该计划是针对离婚家庭青少年的有效预防性干预措施。 NBP 是一个包含 10 次会议的育儿小组，已在两项基于大学的随机实验试验中进行了评估，并证明了项目在六年内减少多种问题结果的积极效果：减少大麻、毒品和酒精的使用，将诊断出的精神障碍患病率降低 37%；减少外在问题，并减少高风险性行为；平均绩点和自尊心得到提高（Wolchik 等，2008）。中介分析表明，这些影响大部分是由亲子关系质量的改善、有效的纪律或两者兼而有之造成的。对于许多成果而言，对于进入该计划时风险最高的青少年来说，该计划的好处最为明显。在过去的三年里，主要调查人员与家事法庭的工作人员和服务营销研究人员合作，开发并试点测试了通过家事法庭提供 NBP 的系统组件。拟议的研究测试了亚利桑那州五个法院提供的 NBP 的有效性。此应用程序有四个具体目标： 1. 检查随机分配到 NBP 的家庭是否比分配到关于积极养育、青少年药物滥用和心理健康问题的措施的简短研讨会的家庭表现出更大的改善。 评估将在测试前、测试后和 6 个月的随访中进行；分析将检验项目对 6 个月大的青少年结果的影响是否是由项目引起的测试后养育效应所调节的。 2. 测试 NBP 的影响是否会受到项目进入时儿童风险水平、父母性别、父母种族（即墨西哥裔美国人与非西班牙裔白种人）或儿童年龄的调节。 3. 检查实施的差异是否会导致积极养育和青少年结果的差异。分析还将测试实施维度和结果之间的关系是否因父母性别和种族而异。 4. 实验测试对于参加 NBP 的家长（即表达参加意向），相对于标准信息联系，简短的电话参与访谈是否会增加启动（即至少参加一次会议）。订婚访谈的效果将针对整体样本进行测试，并分别针对父亲和母亲、墨西哥裔美国人和非西班牙裔白人进行测试。该项目为后续研究解决 NBP 在大量法院的传播问题奠定了科学基础。拟议的研究对于预防药物滥用和心理健康问题具有重要的公共卫生意义，这些问题给每年父母离婚的 150 万美国儿童带来巨大的个人和社会成本。