Functional connectivity in primary visual cortex (request for administrative supp

初级视觉皮层的功能连接（请求行政支持）

• 批准号: 8532443
• 负责人: Jose Manuel Alonso
• 金额: $ 12.66万
• 依托单位: STATE COLLEGE OF OPTOMETRY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8532443
• 关键词: Algorithms; Amblyopia; Animals; Architecture; Brain; Cartoons; Cerebral cortex; Computer Simulation; Contralateral; Data; Databases; Development; Dimensions; Electrodes; Eye; Felis catus; Future; Goals; Grant; Human; Image; Imagery; Implant; Interphase; Knowledge; Light; Location; Macular degeneration; Maps; Measurement; Measures; Medical Imaging; Methods; Modeling; Neurons; Noise; Ocular Dominance; Output; Perception; Periodicity; Phase; Play; Positioning Attribute; Problem Solving; Property; Prosthesis; Reporting; Research; Research Project Grants; Resolution; Retinal; Role; Sensory; Signal Transduction; Simulate; Site; Solid; Stimulus; Structure; Testing; Thalamic structure; Therapeutic; Time; Tissues; Vision Disorders; Visual; Visual Cortex; Work; area striata; base; image processing; innovation; novel strategies; optical imaging; orientation columns; orientation selectivity; phase change; receptive field; repaired; response; retinotopic; sample fixation; success; visual map

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The human brain needs to have access to an accurate map of visual space to interpret the images that we see. The most accurate and complete visual map is located in primary visual cortex, where all the basic stimulus properties are thought to be systematically represented, including spatial location, orientation and phase. For example, a vertical dark bar in the middle of this page can be represented in primary visual cortex by its position (point of fixation), orientation (vertical) and phase (dark flanked by light. While previous studies have made important advances in our understanding of how spatial location and orientation are mapped across the primary visual cortex, we still do not know how spatial phase is represented in this map. This is a fundamental gap in knowledge given the importance that phase has in image processing algorithms, which are regularly applied to satellite imagery, medical imaging, videophone and character recognition. Current experimental data suggest that spatial phase is randomly distributed throughout the cortex; however, computational models keep insisting that phase should be clustered in specific regions of the cortical map. Our recent results demonstrate, for the first time, the existence of pronounced clusters for spatial phase that are closely related to the mapping of stimulus orientation in cortex. In addition, we show that dark-dominated phases are better represented than light-dominated ones. The main goal of this research project is to study the organization of these newly discovered cortical maps for spatial phase with a novel approach that takes advantage of recent advances in multielectrode recording and has considerably better spatio-temporal resolution than other methods used in the past. With our multielectrode approach, we will reveal the inter- related organization of visual cortical maps for spatial position, orientation and phase the topography of dark- dominance in these maps and the rules that govern the representation of multiple stimulus dimensions within each 100 x 100 microns of cortex. We will use these measurements to build a detailed database of the multi- dimensional mapping of stimulus features across the visual cortical map and to test current computational models of functional cortical architecture and cortical development.

描述（由申请人提供）：人脑需要访问准确的视觉空间地图来解释我们看到的图像。最准确和完整的视觉图位于初级视觉皮层，所有基本刺激特性被认为在这里得到系统地表示，包括空间位置、方向和相位。例如，本页中间的垂直暗条可以通过其位置（注视点）、方向（垂直）和相位（两侧有光的黑暗）在初级视觉皮层中表示。虽然以前的研究在我们理解空间位置和方向如何在初级视觉皮层上进行映射方面取得了重要进展，但我们仍然不知道空间相位在这张图中是如何表示的。考虑到相位在视觉中的重要性，这是知识上的一个基本差距。 图像处理算法，通常应用于卫星图像、医学成像、可视电话和字符识别。目前的实验数据表明，空间相位在整个皮层中是随机分布的；然而，计算模型一直坚持认为相位应该聚集在皮质图的特定区域。我们最近的结果首次证明了与空间相位映射密切相关的明显簇的存在 皮层的刺激定向。此外，我们还表明，暗主导的阶段比光主导的阶段更能代表。该研究项目的主要目标是研究这些新发现的皮质空间相位图的组织，采用一种新颖的方法，该方法利用多电极记录的最新进展，并且比过去使用的其他方法具有更好的时空分辨率。通过我们的多电极方法，我们将揭示 视觉皮层图的空间位置、方向和相位的相互关联的组织，这些图中暗优势的地形，以及控制每 100 x 100 微米皮层内多个刺激维度表示的规则。我们将使用这些测量结果来构建视觉皮层图上刺激特征的多维映射的详细数据库，并测试当前功能皮层结构和皮层的计算模型 发展。