Dose-Response and Context-Specific Sexual Risks amongst College Students

大学生的剂量反应和特定情况的性风险

• 批准号: 8828894
• 负责人: Christina Furber Mair
• 金额: $ 18.15万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-04-01 至 2015-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8828894
• 关键词: Dose; Response; Context; Specific; Sexual

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): High-risk behaviors, such as driving after drinking and getting into a physical fight, are common on college campuses. There are clear and strong associations between alcohol consumption and increased likelihood of risky behaviors amongst college students. A dose-response model developed by Gruenewald and colleagues suggests there may be substantial differences in the level of risk associated with a specific level of alcohl consumption between typically light and heavy drinkers. Somewhat surprisingly, while a strong association between alcohol consumption and high-risk behaviors has been established, little is known about the degree to which drinking contexts may affect those risks. Furthermore, no one has quantified the distinct risks associated with (1) selection of a drinking context, (2) use of alcohol in that context, and (3) level of use in that context. The current application uses a quantitative theoretical framework to assess heterogeneity of dose-response and context-specific risks related to drinking using Safer California Colleges, a large survey data set available from a recently concluded evaluation of the impacts of environmental intervention programs on college drinking. From 2003 to 2008, 42,171 college student surveys were collected, with 79.5% of respondents reporting that they drank in the past year. We use data from 14,252 drinkers in 2003 and 2004 (pre-intervention years). Students provided data on drinking patterns, use of drinking contexts (e.g., Greek parties, parties in residence halls), characteristics of those contexts (e.g., other intoxicated persons), and high-risk behaviors (e.g., rode with a driver who was drunk). These replicated cross-sectional data provide assessments of college drinkers' use of drinking environments across 14 campuses in California. The aims of the proposed project are to (1) Determine whether college students' probability of engaging in high-risk behaviors varies by alcohol dose and (2) Quantify the extent to which high-risk behaviors vary in relation to background non-drinking risks, risks related to drinking, and level o use in different contexts. We will also examine whether context-specific risks are moderated by time spent in each context, number of persons in that context, and others' drinking levels (subjectively assessed). This information can be used to target preventive interventions to reduce access to high-risk contexts, eliminate all drinking in high-risk contexts, and/or reduce heavy drinking in high-risk contexts. Understanding the conditions under which alcohol use is most likely to lead to risky behaviors will benefit both prevention practitioners and consumers of this information, and will facilitate campus-wide efforts to intervene in specific high-risk drinkig settings (e.g., cooperative community programs to restrict off-campus access and use).

描述（由申请人提供）：高风险行为，如酒后驾驶和打架，在大学校园里很常见。在大学生中，酒精消费与危险行为增加的可能性之间存在明显而强烈的联系。Gruenewald和他的同事开发的剂量反应模型表明，在典型的轻度饮酒者和重度饮酒者之间，与特定饮酒水平相关的风险水平可能存在实质性差异。有些令人惊讶的是，虽然饮酒与高风险行为之间的密切联系已经确立，但饮酒环境对这些风险的影响程度却鲜为人知。此外，没有人量化与以下因素相关的不同风险：(1)饮酒环境的选择，(2)在该环境中使用酒精，以及(3)在该环境中使用酒精的水平。目前的应用程序使用定量理论框架来评估剂量反应的异质性和与饮酒相关的特定环境风险，使用更安全的加州大学，这是一个大型调查数据集，可从最近结束的环境干预计划对大学饮酒的影响评估中获得。从2003年到2008年，共收集了42171名大学生的调查，其中79.5%的受访者表示他们在过去的一年中饮酒。我们使用了2003年和2004年（干预前年份）14252名饮酒者的数据。学生们提供了关于饮酒模式、饮酒环境的使用（例如，希腊派对、宿舍派对）、这些环境的特征（例如，其他醉酒的人）和高风险行为(例如，