COMPONENT 7: Methodologies for Improving Measurement of Alcohol Consumption and

这个改进酒精消费测量的方法和问题研究组成部分继续中心的研究，以提高酒精测量的精度，在临床人群的研究设计和措施方面进行创新。为了做到这一点，我们指定了三个新的方法学子研究。子研究1分析了2009/10年（N12）和2014/15年（N13）全国酒精调查中无线（手机）和固定电话样本的数据。预计到2015年，只使用无线网络的人口将占美国人口的30%。因此，接触只有无线的家庭对于确保具有全国代表性的样本至关重要。子研究1通过电话访谈模式批判性地检查了酒精相关结果的差异，并评估了方法，如倾向得分、样本选择方法和只使用固定电话的样本的加权，以调整无线用户的遗漏/代表性不足。结果将为酒精领域提供信息，并优化未来的全国调查。针对NIAAA对特殊人群的研究重点，子研究2侧重于分析跨国急诊室研究中损伤相对风险和酒精及酒精归因比例的病例交叉研究的偏倚。它对AAF估计和修改应用了新的和创新的方法，这些方法以前没有在国际上探索过。研究结果将通过考虑酒精-损伤关系的关键情境混杂因素来改进病例-交叉设计。预计研究结果还将对全球疾病负担估计数产生国内和国际影响，从而对酒精在世界范围内的公共卫生意义产生影响。子研究3考察项目功能的可变性

This Methodologies for Improving Measurement of Alcohol Consumption and Problems research component continues Center research to improve precision of alcohol measurement, make innovations in research design and measures for clinical populations. To accomplish this we specify three new methodological sub-studies. Sub-Study 1 analyzes data from wireless (cell-phone) and landline telephone samples in the 2009/10 (N12) and 2014/15 (N13) National Alcohol Surveys. The wireless-only population is projected to comprise 30% of the U.S. population by 2015. Thus, reaching wireless-only households is crucial to securing nationally representative samples. Sub-Study 1 critically examines differences in alcohol-related outcomes by telephone interviewing mode and evaluates methods, such as propensity score, sample selection approaches, and weighting in landline-only samples to adjust for omission/under-representation of wireless using individuals. Results will inform the alcohol field and optimize future national surveys. Addressing NIAAA priorities of research on special populations, Sub-Study 2 focuses on analysis of biases from case-crossover studies on the relative risk of injury and alcohol and alcohol-attributable fraction in cross-national emergency room studies. It applies new and innovative methods towards AAF estimation and modifications that have not previously explored cross-nationally. Findings will improve the case-crossover design by accounting for key situational confounders of the alcohol-injury relationship. Results are also expected to have domestic and international impact on global burden of disease estimates and thereby on the worldwide public health significance of alcohol. Sub-Study 3 examines variability in item functioning of the AUDIT, a widely used alcohol use disorder screening tool, using item response theory (IRT) analyses on cross-national and NAS data. This sub-study addresses the NIAAA research priority of better understanding differential reliability and validity of AUD diagnoses among demographic, ethnic, and cultural subgroups. It will identify individual and macro-level factors, such as drinking culture and gender inequity, in item response biases for the AUDIT. Findings are expected to inform clinical and research guidelines for improved alcohol screening and measurement, tailored to specific subgroups, both cross-nationally and within the US.