COMPONENT 7: Methodologies for Improving Measurement of Alcohol Consumption and

该方法用于改善酒精消费和问题的测量研究部分继续中心的研究，以提高酒精测量的精度，在研究设计和临床人群的措施方面进行创新。要做到这一点，我们指定三个新的方法子研究。子研究1分析了2009/10（N12）和2014/15（N13）全国酒精调查中无线（手机）和固定电话样本的数据。到2015年，仅使用无线网络的人口预计将占美国人口的30%。因此，覆盖纯无线家庭对于确保全国代表性样本至关重要。子研究1通过电话访谈模式严格检查酒精相关结果的差异，并评估方法，如倾向评分、样本选择方法和仅固定电话样本的权重，以调整无线使用个体的遗漏/代表性不足。结果将为酒精领域提供信息，并优化未来的国家调查。针对NIAAA对特殊人群研究的优先事项，子研究2侧重于分析来自跨国急诊室研究中关于损伤和酒精的相对风险和酒精归因分数的病例交叉研究的偏倚。它采用了新的和创新的方法对AAF估计和修改，以前没有探索跨国。调查结果将改善病例交叉设计，占关键的情境混杂因素的酒精损伤的关系。预计研究结果还将对全球疾病负担估计数产生国内和国际影响，从而对酒精在全球范围内的公共卫生意义产生影响。子研究3检查了项目功能的变异性， AUDIT是一种广泛使用的酒精使用障碍筛查工具，使用项目反应理论（IRT）对跨国和NAS数据进行分析。该子研究解决了NIAAA研究的优先事项，即更好地理解人口统计学，种族和文化亚组之间AUD诊断的差异可靠性和有效性。它将确定个人和宏观层面的因素，如饮酒文化和性别不平等，在项目反应偏见的审计。研究结果预计将为改善酒精筛查和测量的临床和研究指南提供信息，这些指南针对特定的亚组，包括跨国和美国境内。

This Methodologies for Improving Measurement of Alcohol Consumption and Problems research component continues Center research to improve precision of alcohol measurement, make innovations in research design and measures for clinical populations. To accomplish this we specify three new methodological sub-studies. Sub-Study 1 analyzes data from wireless (cell-phone) and landline telephone samples in the 2009/10 (N12) and 2014/15 (N13) National Alcohol Surveys. The wireless-only population is projected to comprise 30% of the U.S. population by 2015. Thus, reaching wireless-only households is crucial to securing nationally representative samples. Sub-Study 1 critically examines differences in alcohol-related outcomes by telephone interviewing mode and evaluates methods, such as propensity score, sample selection approaches, and weighting in landline-only samples to adjust for omission/under-representation of wireless using individuals. Results will inform the alcohol field and optimize future national surveys. Addressing NIAAA priorities of research on special populations, Sub-Study 2 focuses on analysis of biases from case-crossover studies on the relative risk of injury and alcohol and alcohol-attributable fraction in cross-national emergency room studies. It applies new and innovative methods towards AAF estimation and modifications that have not previously explored cross-nationally. Findings will improve the case-crossover design by accounting for key situational confounders of the alcohol-injury relationship. Results are also expected to have domestic and international impact on global burden of disease estimates and thereby on the worldwide public health significance of alcohol. Sub-Study 3 examines variability in item functioning of the AUDIT, a widely used alcohol use disorder screening tool, using item response theory (IRT) analyses on cross-national and NAS data. This sub-study addresses the NIAAA research priority of better understanding differential reliability and validity of AUD diagnoses among demographic, ethnic, and cultural subgroups. It will identify individual and macro-level factors, such as drinking culture and gender inequity, in item response biases for the AUDIT. Findings are expected to inform clinical and research guidelines for improved alcohol screening and measurement, tailored to specific subgroups, both cross-nationally and within the US.