Cross-National Analysis of Alcohol and Injury

酒精和伤害的跨国分析

• 批准号: 6532077
• 负责人: CHERYL J CHERPITEL
• 金额: $ 19.23万
• 依托单位: PUBLIC HEALTH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-07-01 至 2005-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6532077
• 关键词: Africa; Asia; Australia; Europe; Middle East; New Zealand; North America; South America; World Health Organization; alcoholic beverage consumption; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; clinical research; data collection methodology /evaluation; diagnosis design /evaluation; disease /disorder etiology; emergency health services; epidemiology; geographic site; health care service utilization; hospital organization /administration; human data; injury; mental disorder diagnosis; racial /ethnic difference; sociology /anthropology; substance abuse related behavior

The proposed project is requesting funding to merge and analyze data from the World Health Organization (WHO) Collaborative Study of Alcohol and injuries, currently underway in emergency rooms (ERs) in 11 countries, with data from 33 ER sites, which cover only eight countries, and is presently being analyzed under the Alcohol Research Group's Center Grant. The addition of data from the WHO study to the existing merged data set will bring together the only two such data sets of alcohol and injury in existence (both of which used a similar methodology and questionnaire for data collection), and would double the number of injury cases from 5,274 to 10,774, as well as increase country representation to geographic coverage worldwide. The addition of the WHO data to those presently being analyzed will enhance research aims beyond that which can presently be addressed as follows: 1) the larger number of injury cases will facilitate more fine-grained estimates and allow us to determine the stability of estimates regarding the prevalence of alcohol- related injury and risk of injury and related variables, over time and place, since the 8-country data cover a temporal span of 12 years, and is more limited geographically, while the WHO data will all have been collected within a six-month period and achieves global coverage; 2) these estimates will also be enhanced by restriction of the data to those arriving at the ER within six hours of the injury, which will reduce bias in the recall of drinking-in-the-event and related variables; 3) the analytic potential of inclusion of contextual data (socio- cultural and organizational/administrative variables which were not collected as part of the original WHO study) can be maximized as important explanatory factors in associations of alcohol and injury, across 44 ER sites in 17 individual countries; 4) the opportunity will be provided for new analyses (not possible with the data on hand) of the influence of contextual variables related to a) the validity of clinical assessment of alcohol intoxication, and b) the performance of a brief screening instrument for identifying problem drinking among ER patients. Meta-analytic techniques will be used to examine the consistency of individual-based relationships across ER sites. Causal modeling and hierarchical linear modeling will be used to examine the independent effects and interactive effects of contextual variables with individual-and event-level variables on relationships. Cross-national analyses such as those proposed here will inform the alcohol-injury nexus in the U.S., since the U.S. is composed of many micro-cultures which reflect the socio- cultural and organizational/administrative contextual variables dominating many of the countries in which these data were collected.

拟议的项目正在申请资金，以合并和分析世界卫生组织(WHO)酒精与伤害合作研究的数据，该研究目前正在11个国家的急诊室进行，与33个急诊室的数据合并和分析，这些急诊室仅覆盖8个国家，目前正在酒精研究小组的中心补助金项下进行分析。将世卫组织研究的数据添加到现有的合并数据集中，将汇集现存的仅有的两个酒精和伤害数据集(这两个数据集都使用类似的方法和问卷进行数据收集)，并将使伤害案例的数量翻一番，从5,274例增加到10,774例，并将国家代表性扩大到全世界的地理覆盖面。将世卫组织的数据添加到目前正在分析的数据中，将加强目前可以处理的以下研究目标：1)更多的伤害病例将有助于更精细的估计，并使我们能够确定关于酒精相关伤害和伤害风险及相关变量随时间和地点的估计的稳定性，因为8个国家的数据涵盖12年的时间跨度，在地理上更有限，而世卫组织的数据都将在6个月内收集，并实现全球覆盖；2)将数据限制在受伤后6小时内到达急诊室的人，这将减少回忆在事件中饮酒和相关变量的偏见；3)将背景数据(未作为世卫组织原始研究的一部分收集的社会文化和组织/行政变量)纳入环境数据的分析潜力可以最大限度地作为酒精与伤害相关性的重要解释因素，在17个国家的44个急诊室地点；4)将有机会对环境变量的影响进行新的分析(现有数据是不可能的)，这些变量涉及a)酒精中毒临床评估的有效性，以及b)用于确定急诊室患者中问题饮酒的简短筛查工具的性能。元分析技术将被用来检查ER站点之间基于个人的关系的一致性。因果模型和分层线性模型将被用来检验背景变量与个体和事件水平变量对关系的独立影响和交互影响。像这里提出的跨国分析将为美国的酒精伤害关系提供信息，因为美国由许多微观文化组成，这些文化反映了主导这些数据收集的许多国家的社会文化和组织/行政背景变量。