Energy Drinks and Alcohol Use: Covariates, Consequences, and Risk Factors

描述(申请人提供)：新出现的流行病学和基于实验室的研究证明，酒精和能量饮料(AEDs)的联合消费会导致独特的和潜在的严重健康风险。具体地说，在酒精中添加咖啡因会增加酒精的消耗量，减少醉酒的主观感觉，但客观测量的血液酒精浓度和认知/运动障碍仍然没有减少。在过去的十年里，能量饮料的消费量在美国显著上升，数百个功能饮料品牌瞄准了年轻人。能量饮料与酒精结合的比率上升可能会导致更严重的酒精相关后果和问题，但人们对使用AED的情景协变量、潜在的长期后果或个人风险因素知之甚少。这项拟议的行为研究将利用能量饮料、酒精和AED使用的个人数据，在一个多种族的大学生样本(N=746)中记录AED消费的后果。使用测量突发设计，在连续4个学期中的每个学期(每个参与者56天)收集连续14天的数据，这项研究将通过记录与较高风险使用AED相关的人、学期和天数的特征，以及AED使用预测纵向出现酒精相关问题的程度，来解决现有知识中的重要差距。目的1是测试关于AED使用与行为风险、主观醉酒、估计血液酒精含量(EBAC)和对健康影响的每日水平协变性的假设。目标2是与单独使用酒精相比，记录使用AED的短期纵向后果。目标3是确定个人在以下方面的风险因素 服用AED的最大风险。高质量的人内数据是必要的，以确定使用AED的日常影响、重度使用者随着时间的推移所经历的后果，以及谁最有可能使用AED。这项建议旨在提供必要的信息，以支持旨在减少AED使用和后果的干预计划的发展。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Emerging epidemiological and laboratory-based research has documented that the combined consumption of alcohol with energy drinks (AEDs) leads to unique and potentially serious health risks. Specifically, adding caffeine to alcohol increases the quantity of alcohol consumed and decreases subjective feelings of intoxication, however objectively-measured blood alcohol concentration and cognitive/motor impairment remain unreduced. Consumption of energy drinks has risen markedly in the U.S. in the past decade with hundreds of energy drink brands targeting young people. Rising rates of combining energy drinks with alcohol may lead to more severe alcohol-related consequences and problems, yet little is known regarding situational covariates, potential longer-term consequences, or individual risk factors of AED use. The proposed behavioral study will document the consequences of AED consumption among a multi-ethnic sample of college students (N=746), utilizing within-person data on energy drink, alcohol, and AED use. Using a measurement burst design, with 14 consecutive days of data collected in each of 4 consecutive semesters (56 days per participant), this study will address important gaps in the extant knowledge by documenting characteristics of persons, semesters, and days associated with greater risk of AED use, as well as the extent to which AED use predicts the emergence of alcohol-related problems longitudinally. Aim 1 is to test hypotheses about daily-level covariations of AED use with behavioral risks, subjective intoxication, estimated blood alcohol content (eBAC), and health effects. Aim 2 is to document short-term longitudinal consequences of AED use, compared to alcohol use alone. Aim 3 is to identify the risk factors for individuals at greatest risk for consuming AED. High quality within-person data are necessary to identify daily effects of AED use, consequences experienced by heavier users over time, and who is most at risk for use. This proposal is intended to provide essential information to support the development of an intervention program designed to reduce AED use and consequences.