African American Eye Disease Study

非洲裔美国人眼病研究

• 批准号: 8563587
• 负责人: ROHIT VARMA
• 金额: $ 39.01万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS AT CHICAGO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-30 至 2014-03-15
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8563587
• 关键词: Activities of Daily Living; Adult; African; African American; Age; Age related macular degeneration; Aging; Area; Baltimore; Behavioral; Biological; Biology; Blindness; Blood flow; Caring; Childhood; Chinese American; Clinical; Clinical Trials; Data; Development; Diabetes Mellitus; Diabetic Retinopathy; Disease; Epidemiologic Studies; Ethnic group; Evaluation; Exhibits; Eye; Eye diseases; Glaucoma; Glycosylated hemoglobin A; Goals; Habits; Happiness; Health; High Prevalence; Hispanics; Hypertension; Hypotension; Incidence; Knowledge; Latino; Lens Opacities; Los Angeles; Maryland; Measures; Minority; Not Hispanic or Latino; Obesity; Open-Angle Glaucoma; Participant; Pattern; Persons; Physiologic Intraocular Pressure; Population; Prevalence; Preventive; Protocols documentation; Quality of life; Recommendation; Recording of previous events; Reporting; Retinal; Risk; Risk Factors; Smoking; Surveys; Testing; United States; Update; Visual impairment; age related; aged; clinical practice; clinical risk; cohort; design; experience; follow-up; glycemic control; health related quality of life; high risk; population based; programs; racial and ethnic; screening; skills; treatment program

Abstract African Americans (AAs) are one of the largest minority populations in the United States. In 2011, 43.2 million persons in the US (14.1%) were of African ancestry. AAs exhibit a different pattern of eye disease than other racial/ethnic groups and are largely under-represented in studies of eye disease. Specifically, AAs are believed to have higher rates of visual impairment, blindness, open angle glaucoma (OAG), diabetic retinopathy (DR) but lower rates of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) than Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) (1-5). However, most of the data that inform our estimates of the burden of eye disease in AAs are from two population based assessments initiated and conducted 20-28 years ago in Maryland (The Baltimore Eye Survey [1985-88] and The Salisbury Eye Evaluation Project [1993-95](1, 6)). Since the completion of these two population-based studies, results of numerous clinical trials have reported the benefits of tighter glycemic control on the development of DR, and lower intraocular pressure on the development and progression of glaucoma. Findings from these two population based studies (showing the higher risk of vision loss, OAG and DR in AAs) have been incorporated into screening programs and clinical practice. Finally, with the aging of the U.S. population, the burden of age-related eye disease is likely to increase among AAs who are disproportionately impacted by obesity and diabetes. Given the implementation of numerous screening programs on AAs, the aging of the AA population, important changes in clinical practice, and the lack of recent population-based prevalence estimates, updated estimates of the burden of eye disease in AAs are needed. Characterization of the prevalence, the biological mechanisms (i.e., the risk relationships) of these diseases, and their impact on activities of daily life needs to be completed to allow for planning of preventive measures, and targeted screening and treatment programs. Further, it is crucial to determine the underlying reasons AAs may receive less follow-up eye care. Finally, while current data exists on the incidence of eye disease in NHW and Latinos, this study creates a cohort for obtaining the first incidence data on eye disease in AAs.

抽象的 非裔美国人（AAS）是美国最大的少数民族之一。在 2011年，美国有4,320万人（14.1％）是非洲血统。 AA表现出不同的 眼科疾病的模式比其他种族/族裔群体大大不足 眼病的研究。具体而言，据信AA具有更高的视觉障碍率， 失明，开角青光眼（OAG），糖尿病性视网膜病（DR），但与年龄相关的率较低 黄斑变性（AMD）比非西班牙裔白人（NHW）（1-5）。但是，大多数 我们对AAS中眼病负担的估计的数据来自两个 基于人群的评估在20 - 28年前在马里兰州发起并进行（ 巴尔的摩眼调查[1985-88]和索尔兹伯里眼评估项目[1993-95]（1，6））。 自从这两项基于人群的研究完成以来，众多临床试验的结果 已经报告了严格血糖控制DR的发展的好处，并降低 眼内压对青光眼的发育和进展。这两个发现 基于人群的研究（显示视力丧失的风险更高，AAS中的OAG和DR）具有 被纳入筛查计划和临床实践中。最后，随着老化 美国人口，与年龄有关的眼病负担可能会增加 受肥胖和糖尿病的影响不成比例。鉴于实施众多 筛选AAS的计划，AA人群的老龄化，重大变化 临床实践以及最近基于人群的患病率估计值的更新 需要估计AAS中眼病负担。表征 患病率，这些疾病的生物学机制（即风险关系）及其 需要完成对日常生活活动的影响，以便计划预防 措施以及针对性的筛查和治疗计划。此外，确定 AAS可能会少的后续眼保健原因的根本原因。最后，虽然当前的数据 这项研究存在于NHW和Latinos在NHW和Latinos的发病率上，为 获取AAS中眼病的第一个发病率数据。