African American Eye Disease Study

非洲裔美国人眼病研究

基本信息

批准号：
9143126
负责人：
ROHIT VARMA
金额：
$ 268.96万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2013-09-30 至 2018-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/9143126
关键词：
Activities of Daily Living Adult African African American Age Age related macular degeneration Aging Area Baltimore Behavioral Biological Biology Blindness Blood flow Caring Childhood Chinese American Clinical Clinical Trials Data Development Diabetes Mellitus Diabetic Retinopathy Disease Epidemiologic Studies Ethnic group Evaluation Exhibits Eye Eye diseases Glaucoma Glycosylated hemoglobin A Goals Habits Happiness Health High Prevalence Hispanics Hypertension Hypotension Incidence Knowledge Latino Lens Opacities Los Angeles Maryland Measures Minority Not Hispanic or Latino Obesity Open-Angle Glaucoma Participant Pattern Persons Physiologic Intraocular Pressure Population Prevalence Preventive measure Protocols documentation Quality of life Recommendation Recording of previous events Reporting Retinal Risk Risk Factors Smoking Surveys Testing United States Update Visual impairment age related aged blood pressure reduction clinical practice clinical risk cohort design experience follow-up glycemic control health related quality of life high risk population based programs racial and ethnic screening skills treatment program

项目摘要

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): African Americans (AAs) are one of the largest minority populations in the United States. In 2011, 43.2 million persons in the US (14.1%) were of African ancestry. AAs exhibit a different pattern of eye disease than other racial/ethnic groups and are largely under-represented in studies of eye disease. Specifically, AAs are believed to have higher rates of visual impairment, blindness, open angle glaucoma (OAG), diabetic retinopathy (DR) but lower rates of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) than Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) (1-5). However, most of the data that inform our estimates of the burden of eye disease in AAs are from two population based assessments initiated and conducted 20-28 years ago in Maryland (The Baltimore Eye Survey [1985-88] and The Salisbury Eye Evaluation Project [1993-95] (1, 6)). Since the completion of these two population-based studies, results of numerous clinical trials have reported the benefits of tighter glycemic control on the development of DR, and lower intraocular pressure on the development and progression of glaucoma. Findings from these two population based studies (showing the higher risk of vision loss, OAG and DR in AAs) have been incorporated into screening programs and clinical practice. Finally, with the aging of the U.S. population, the burden of age-related eye disease is likely to increase among AAs who are disproportionately impacted by obesity and diabetes. Given the implementation of numerous screening programs on AAs, the aging of the AA population, important changes in clinical practice, and the lack of recent population-based prevalence estimates, updated estimates of the burden of eye disease in AAs are needed. Characterization of the prevalence, the biological mechanisms (i.e., the risk relationships) of these diseases, and their impact on activities of daily life needs to be completed to allow for planning of preventive measures, and targeted screening and treatment programs. Further, it is crucial to determine the underlying reasons AAs may receive less follow-up eye care. Finally, while current data exists on the incidence of eye disease in NHW and Latinos, this study creates a cohort for obtaining the first incidence data on eye disease in AAs.

描述（由申请人提供）：非洲裔美国人（AAS）是美国最大的少数民族之一。 2011年，美国有4320万人（14.1％）是非洲血统。 AA表现出与其他种族/种族不同的眼科疾病模式并且在眼睛疾病研究中的代表性很大。具体而言，据信AA具有更高的视觉障碍，失明，开角青光眼（OAG），糖尿病性视网膜病（DR），但与非西班牙裔白人（NHW）相比，与年龄相关的黄斑变性（AMD）的速率更低（1-5）。然而，大多数依据AAS估计估计的数据的数据来自20 - 28年前在马里兰州开始并进行的两项基于人群的评估（巴尔的摩眼睛调查[1985-88]和索尔兹伯里眼睛评估项目[1993-95]（1，6））。自从这两项基于人群的研究完成以来，众多临床试验的结果报道了严格控制对DR的发展的好处，以及较低的眼内压力对青光眼的发展和进展。这两项基于人群的研究的发现（显示较高的视力丧失风险，AAS中的OAG和DR）已纳入筛查计划和临床实践中。最后，随着美国人群的老龄化，与肥胖和糖尿病影响不成比例影响的AA相关眼科疾病的负担可能会增加。鉴于实施了有关AAS的众多筛查计划，AA人群的衰老，临床实践的重要变化以及最近基于人群的患病率估计值，需要更新AAS中眼病负担的估计。需要完成这些疾病的患病率，生物学机制（即风险关系）的表征，以及它们对日常生活活动的影响需要完成，以允许计划预防措施以及有针对性的筛查和治疗计划。此外，确定AAS可能会更少的后续眼保健的根本原因至关重要。最后，尽管目前存在有关NHW和Latinos眼病的发病率的数据，但该研究创造了一个同类，以获取AAS中有关眼病的首次发病率数据。